300 DIVISION III. ARTICULATED ANIMALS.—CLASS IV. INSECTA. 
ORDER VII. HEMIPTERA. 
The Hemiptera are furnished with a mouth fitted only for sucking.» The 
delicate threads, of which the sucker is formed, enable them to pierce the 
vessels of plants and animals; and the nutritive fluid extracted is drawn 
up the main canal into the esophagus. Most of these insects have coria- 
ceous or crustaceous wing-covers, with the posterior extremity membranous, 
or semi-membranous. They undergo no transformation except in the de- 
velopment of wings and an increase of the size of the body. 
The name of the order, Z/emzptera, signifies half wings, and refers to, 
the peculiar structure of those organs. The family is divided into two secs 
tions —the J/eteroptera (different wings), and the Z/omoptera (similar 
wings). The insects of the first section have the wings and wing-covers 
always horizontal, or slightly inclined, and compose the two divisions Greo- 
corise (Land Bugs), and //ydrocorise (Water Bugs). 
The first division, Land Bugs, compose the three genera — Cimex, [?edu- 
vius, and FHydrometra. 
Crmex. — Some of the species have the sheath of the sucker composed of 
four distinct and exposed joints, and the upper lip prolonged beyond the 
head, like an awl. They suck other insects, and emit a very disagreeable 
odor. 
C. Ornatus, known as the Red-Cabbage Bug, is very commonly found 
on the cabbage and most of the cruciferous plants. It is variegated with 
red and black, and its colors are subject to numerous variations. 
C. Griseus (Raphigoster griseus) is common throughout all the tem- 
perate regions of the world. In autumn, these bugs are frequently to be 
found on raspberries, to which they impart their disagreeable smell. They 
are also to be found in quantities on the mullein when that plant is in 
flower. The upper parts of the head are of a grayish-brown, sometimes 
slightly purple. The coriaceous part of the hemelytra is of a purple tint, 
but the membranous part is brown. All these parts are covered with black 
spots, which are only to be seen with a magnifying glass. The wings are 
blackish. The under part of the whole body and the feet are of a light and 
rather yellowish-gray, with a considerable number of small, black spots. 
The abdomen is black above, and it is bordered with alternate black and 
white spots. 
C. Lectularius. — The Bed-bug. This extremely offensive insect abounds 
in dirty houses, principally in towns, and, above all, those in warm coun- 
tries. It lives in beds, in wood-work, and paper-hangings. There is no 
crack, however narrow it may be, into which it is unable to slip. It is 
