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INSTITUTE OF SOCIAL ANTHROPOLOGY PUBLICATION NO. 6 



ments seem to contribute most to health and 

 sanitation, and because they could be had by 

 all with the expenditure of a little elbow grease. 

 Water and electricity each received two points, 

 less because of the slight expense involved, and 

 because some houses on the outskirts are beyond 

 the mains or lines and could not have them, 

 even if they wished. Kerosene or candle illum- 

 ination was given one point, primarily to have 

 some way of differentiation from the most prim- 

 itive houses with no improvements whatsoever. 

 This point system resulted in a scale of from 

 to 10. 



Table 5 shows the number of houses in each 

 category. It will be seen that over two-fifths, 

 104 to be precise, have progressed but little or 

 none beyond the aboriginal form. Except for 

 an oil lamp or candle, living conditions are 

 about identical to those extant before the Con- 

 quest. This means people sleeping on tule mats 

 on the floor, carrying water from a spring, well, 

 or the taps of neighbors, and satisfying all 

 bodily necessities in the open patio. An ad- 

 ditional 30 percent of the houses differ from 

 these only in the use of raised planks covered 

 with mats to form a bed. On the other hand, 

 only 6 houses remain at the absolute aboriginal 

 level, while 22 have advanced to the top. Table 

 5 also shows the number of houses with each 

 improvement, and in which they are lacking, 

 and the percent of total occurrences of each. 

 For example, in category 10 one finds 47 per- 

 cent of all privies, 62 percent of all electricity, 

 15 percent of all beds, and 40 percent of all 

 water taps. Privies are not found below ca- 

 tegory 7, and hence their use appears to be the 

 product of the most advanced thinkers of the 

 town. Electricity is found as far down as cat- 

 egory 5. beds to category .3, and water, curious- 

 ly, to category 2. Houses with no water are 

 found as high as category 8 — houses with beds, 

 privies, and electricity. This apparent anomaly 

 is explicable. No house has running water in 

 the kitchen. The tap is in the patio, and involves 

 the filling of jars and carrying these to the 

 room of use. Hence, a public water tap just 

 outside tlie front door is just as convenient as 

 one within the patio, and involves no expense. 

 And, local mores dictate that, although a man 

 may spend $25 a month on liquor, it is the 



