10 SMITHSONIAN MISCEIXANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. I45 



The killdeer has been recorded from the HHnoian stage of the 

 Pleistocene in Florida. 



Family SCOLOPACIDAE: Snipe, Sandpipers 



Philohela minor (Gmelin) : American Woodcock. 



One individual, possibly two: Proximal half of a left humerus; 

 a complete left tarsometatarsus. The leg bone appears to be from a 

 slightly smaller individual than the humerus. 



The woodcock, found locally throughout Virginia, is reported from 

 a Pleistocene cave deposit in Florida. 

 Bartramia longicauda (Bechstein) : Upland Plover. 



One: Right and left coracoids. These are identical in size and 

 color and may be from the same individual. 



The upland plover, formerly common in Virginia, is now much 

 reduced in number. It has been found in late Pleistocene deposits in 

 Kansas. 

 Catoptrophorus scmipalmatits (Gmelin) : Willet. 



One: Distal half of a right tarsometatarsus. The modern skeletons 

 at hand include a pair each of the two geographic races currently 

 recognized in this species. The humeri in these show the same differ- 

 ences in size that separate the birds in the flesh, or when preserved 

 as museum skins, the females in each being larger than the males. 

 It is significant to record that the humerus in the female of the sub- 

 species Catoptrophorus semipalmatus scmipalmatus is appreciably 

 smaller than that of the male C. s. inornatus. The bone from Natural 

 Chimneys has the size of male inornatus and is identified as that race. 

 In modern times this subspecies nests through the western part of our 

 continent, but is common in migration and winter along the eastern 

 seaboard. 



The only previous ancient record for the willet is from Pleisto- 

 cene deposits on the Newport Bay Mesa near the coast of southern 

 California. 

 Erolia minutllla (Vieillot) : Least Sandpiper. 



One: A complete right humerus, typical of this bird. 



This is the first ancient report for the species, which now nests in 

 the north and spreads widely in migration, as far as Peru and central 

 Brazil. 



Family COLUMBIDAE: Pigeons, Doves 



Ectopistes migratorius (Linnaeus) : Passenger Pigeon. 



More than 21 individuals: 11 fragments of right humeri, and 



