THE NORTHERN RIBBON-FISH. 
LIST OF THE ABBREVIATIONS. 
al.sph.  alisphenoid. 
ang. angular. 
art. articular. 
a.2Y. anterior zygapophysis. 
b.br—b.br.° basi-branchials. 
b.hy. basi-hyal. 
b.0¢. basi-occipital. 
br. brachials. 
br..—br.® branchial arches. 
br.r. branchiostegal ray. 
bas. basi-sphenoid. 
c.i—c." centra of vertebre. 
c.br.i—e.br.’ cerato-branchials. 
c.hy. cerato-hyal. 
Gk clavicle. 
cor. coracoid. 
d. dentary. 
e.br.1—e.br.4 epi-branchials. 
e.hy. epi-hyal. 
ep.ot. epiotic. 
ex.0c.  eX-occipital. 
Sf. foramina in scapula and between the 
branchials of the pectoral girdle. 
jr. frontal. 
fr. fin ray of the dorsal fin. 
h.br.—h.br.* hypo-branchials. 
h.hy. hypo-hyal. 
him. hyomandibular. 
2.0. interspinous bone. 
thy. inter-hyal. 
1.0p. inter-operculum. 
ligt. ligament uniting hypo- with uro-hyal. 
mek. MeckeEt’s cartilage. 
ms.eth. mesethmoid. 
ms.eth." prenasal cartilage. 
ms.pt. mesopterygoid. 
mt.pt. 
ma. 
na. 
1.8. 
oes. 
Op. 
op.ot. 
op.ot.* 
orb. sph. 
pal. 
par. 
‘pa.sph. 
p.cl. 
p.eth. 
metapterygoid. 
maxilla. 
nasal. 
neural spine. 
oesophagus. 
operculum. 
prootic. 
downward process of prootic. 
orbito-sphenoid. 
palatine. 
parietal. 
parasphenoid. 
post-clavicle. 
parethmoid. 
ph.br.i—ph.br.* pharyngo-branchials. 
p.me. 
p.op. 
p.orb. 
pr.orb. 
psd.br. 
pt. 
p.tm. 
pt.ot. 
p.2y. 
v0. 
premaxilla. 
pre-operculum. 
post-orbital pillar. 
pre-orbital bones. 
pseudobranch. 
pterygoid. 
post-temporal. 
pterotic. 
posterior zygapophysis 
rays of pectoral fin. 
supra-clavicle. 
scapula. 
supra-occipital. 
sub-operculum. 
ridge on the epiotic for articulation with 
the supra-occipital 
sphenotie. 
symplectic. 
transverse process. 
uro-hyal. 
foramen for the first division of the fifth 
nerve. 
vomer. 
