438 Capt. F. W. Hutton on the Origin of the 
Indeed, as Mr. G. M. Thomson has pointed out in his inter- 
esting address to the Otago Institute last year, “the general 
conclusions arrived at in the ‘ Flora Nove Zealandie’ have 
not been materially altered by recent discoveries”? *. For the 
local distribution of Australian plants, I have Baron von 
Miiller’s valuable ‘ Systematic Census’ (1882). 
There are in New Zealand 35 subtropical or warm- 
temperate genera of flowering plants, which are also found in 
South America, and which probably did not pass from one 
country to the other by an Antarctic routet, and of these 
31 occur also in Australia. These 35 genera contain 74 
species, of which 89 per cent. are peculiar to New Zealand. 
If now we take the subtropical, or warm-temperate, genera, 
which do nof occur in South America, we find that there are 
33 of them¢{, of which 31 are also found in Australia. These 
genera contain 96 species, of which 93 per cent. are endemic. 
There are thus 68 genera which appear to have been intro- 
duced from the north, and to these we must add the greater 
part, at any rate, of the 41 genera which are confined to 
Australia and New Zealand, for 90 per cent. of the New- 
Zealand species belonging to these genera are endemic. Mr. 
Wallace gives a list of 16 of these genera, which, not occur- 
ring in tropical Australia, he supposes must have migrated to 
or from New Zealand across the sea; and he says that nearly 
all these genera have in their seeds special facilities for trans- 
mission. But just as good reasons could be found for showing 
that many of his tropical genera have equal facilities for 
transmission ; and as 87 per cent. of the New-Zealand species 
belonging to these 16 genera are endemic, while of the 33 
genera named by Mr. Wallace as having come from the 
north, only 72 per cent. of the species are endemic, we must 
conclude that the 16 temperate genera have been in New 
Zealand as long as the 33 subtropical genera. As a matter 
of fact, 15 out of the 16 are found in Queensland; and it is 
* Trans. N. Z. Institute, vol. xiv. p. 486. 
+ They are Drimys, Aristotelia, Discartia, Dodonea, Sophora, Wein- 
mannia, Gunnera, Eugenia, Fuchsia, Passiflora, Sicyos, Eryngium, Oreo- 
myrrlis, Griselinia, Loranthus, Viscum, Lagenophora, Pratia, Myrsine, 
Sapota, Sebea, Calceqlaria, Grratiola, Vitex, Pisonia, Cassytha, Athero- 
sperma, Peperomia, Piper, Libocedrus, Podocarpus, Libertia, Asteha, Cor- 
dyline, and Cyperus. Grasses omitted. 
t They are Pittosporum, Melicope, Leptospermum, Metrosideros, Meryta, 
Coprosma, Stylidium, Cyathodes, Parsonsia, Mitrasacme, Geniostoma, 
Mazus, Tetranthera, Knightia, Exocarpus, Santalum, Epicarpurus, Elato- 
stemma, Ascarina, Dammara, Dacrydium, Dendrobium, Bolbophyllum, 
Sarcochilus, Gastrodia, Corysanthes, Microtis, Lyperanthus, Thelymitra, 
Freycinetia, Dianella, Areca, and Gahnia. 
