96 The Botanical Gazette. {March, 
2 are driven on and fastened with a screw. The base platea, 
fig. 1, is screwed to the table of the horizontal clinostat, the 
steel rod playing through an opening in the plate. See fig- 
ure 3. The uprights 4, c, are made sufficiently rigid by the 
brackets d, e. Brass plates m, fig. 3, to serve as bearings for 
the steel cores of the shaft 7, are mortised into the upper 
ends of the uprights and screwed fast. To put the shaft fin 
place the uprights are simply sprung apart. 
A zinc pan similar to fig. 4, plate XI, is fastened upon the 
shaft f and the plants are bound in the manner already de- 
scribed. : 
Motion is communicated to the shaft * by a belt passing 
from the pulleys on the shaft to the pulleys of the stationary 
steel rod, so that the plants riding on the shaft f have 4 
motion in a horizontal and a vertical plane at the same time. 
With this apparatus the influence of both light and gravity 
is eliminated so far as they affect the direction of the growth 
of the plants. 
The pieces of apparatus described are entirely efficient; 
they can be readily made by any one handy with tools, and 
the cost of the material used in their construction is merely 
nominal. 
A water motor furnishes the best power for a botanical labor- 
atory. An electric motor would be entirely satisfactory if 
one could connect with a dynamo running constantly night 
and day, or with reliable storage batteries, but a motor run 
by primary batteries is usually not desirable. Water motors 
furnishing sufficient power can be bought at very moderate 
rices.? 
University of Kansas. 
1I use the Little Giant water motor made by John Bolgizno, Baltimore, Md. 
No. 1 costing $5.00 will answer where there is a good head of water. I have 
only twenty-five feet pressure and use No. 2, costing $10. 
