142 . The Botanical Gazette. [April, 
sekten auf den Nordfriesischen Inseln 105. 1894. G. Pueumonanthe.— 
(46) Loew, Bliitenbiologische Floristik des mittleren und noérdlichen 
a sowie Grénlands. Systematische Zusammenstellung des in 
den letzten zehn Jahren ver6ffentlichten Beobachtungsmaterials. 1894. 
25 species. 
FRASERA CAROLINENSIS Walt.—American columbo.—In 
the GAZETTE 18: 48-9, the view was expressed that the hairy 
crest about the nectaries servesas a foothold, besides conceal- 
ing the nectar. Its importance asa foothold, however, is not 
great. It was also supposed that bumblebees might prove to 
be the principal guests, though they had not been observed 
about the flowers at that time. In 1894 the flowers were in 
bloom from May 24th to June 22nd. On May 30th and June 
Ist, 4th, 8th and 12th the following visitors were noted: 
Apide: (1) Apis mellifica L. 3, ab.; (2) Bombus separatus Cr. 93, the 
most abundant visitor; (3) B. americanorum F. 9, one; (4) Antho- 
phora abrupta Say 49, freq. 
Rhopalocera: (5) Eudamus pylades Scud.—all sucking. 
Several species of Andrenidz, principally Ha/ictus and Augochlora, 
visit the flowers for nectar and pollen, but are too small to effect pol- 
lination. 
PHLOX GLABERRIMA L.—This plant is rather rare. It 
grows on prairies and was noted in bloom from May 28th to 
July 30th. The stems grow from 4 to 8 high, bear hand- 
some corymbs of purple flowers and are often collected in 
large patches. The border expands about 20", and the tube 
is from 16 to 18™" long. There is a slight appearance of pro- 
terandry, but I think that, in case insect visits fail, spontane- 
ous self-pollination may occur by the stigma receiving pollen 
from the nearest anthers. There is a chance that an insects 
proboscis may carry pollen from the long stamens back to the 
stigma, though the anthers of the long stamens dehisce first. 
This species agrees with all of the species of P/ox which have 
been observed in being adapted to butterflies. The anthers 
of the long stamens are so exposed at the mouth of the tube 
that their pollen is sometimes stolen by syrphids, Syrphus 
americanus Wd., etc. On seven days, between May 28th and 
July 18th, the following visitors were observed, all sucking: 
Lepidoptera—PRhopalocera : (1) Danais i s lias phil- 
odice Gd; (3) Papilio thoas Y? P. a a a y iouk L.; 
(6) Pamphila peckius Kby.; Heterocera: (7) Scepsis fulvicollis Hbn. 
PHLOx PILOSA L.—This species is common on prairies, 
growing in large patches. The flowers are pinkish. The 
border is about 20™" wide, the tubes 10 to 15™ long. The 
