146 The Botanical Gazette. [April, 
Kerner, Pflanzenleben. 2: 1891. ZL. purpureo-coeruleum, color change, 
190. L. arvense, autogamy, etc., 309, 330.—(19) Loew, Bliithenbi- 
ologische Beitrage II. Pringsheim’s Jahrbiicher, 23: 52-3. 1892. 
. purpureo-coeruleum.—(20) Mac Leod, Over de bevruchting der 
bloemen in het Kempisch gedeelte van Vlaanderen. Bot. Jaarboek 
5: 335. 1893. ZL. arvense——(21) Loew, Bliitenbiologische Floristik 
282. 1894. L. arvense, purpureo-coeruleum. 
PHYSALIS LANCEOLATA Michx.—According to Kirchner 
(2) P. alkekengi is proterogynous. The anthers finally ap- 
proach the stigma until autogamy may occur. Kerner (3) 
states that autogamy results from the lengthening of the co- 
rolla. 
Physalts lanceolata is common. The stemrises 3°"or more 
and bears numerous pendulous flowers, which expand about 
20™". The flowers are yellowish, the centers usually marked 
with five dark purple spots. The nectar is lodged in grooves 
alternating with the filaments, each groove being bounded on 
each side by a line of dense hairs. To reach the nectar, bees 
thrust their proboscides between the bases of the filaments. 
The broad bases of the filaments with the alternating tufts of 
hair nearly close the tube. The tufts aid in concealing the 
nectar and probably aid the bees in clinging to the pendulous 
ower. 5 
The anthers dehisce in succession, so that to collect all of 
the pollen, the bees must visit each flower several times. 
Cross-pollination results from the stigma being in advance of 
the anthers and being touched before them. There may be 
slight proterogyny and in absence of insects autogamy may 
occur as in P. alkekengi. P. lanceolata blooms from May 
12th to Sept. 21st. It is visited regularly and abundantly by 
(1) Colletes latitarsis Rob. 8%, s. and c. p., July 6th, Aug- 
7th, Sept. 5th, 21st; (2) C. willistonii Rob. 49, s. and c. P- 
May 29th, June 7th, 11th, Sept. 5th. 
PHYSALIS VIRGINIANA Mill.—This species resembles the 
preceding. It blooms from June 7th to Oct. 4th and is visited 
for nectar and pollen by Colletes latitarsis Rob. 89, ab., July 
6th, 9th, 22nd, 25th, 26th, and Halictus pectinatus Rob. %, ¢- 
p., two, June 25th. 
PHYSALIS PHILADELPHICA Lam.—This also agrees with P. 
lanceolata in most essential particulars. It was noted in 
bloom from July 12th to Sept. 27th. The flowers are visited 
for pollen by Colletes latitarsis Rob. 9, July 27th. 
The species of Physalis occurring in my neighborhood are 
