174 The Botanical Gazette. [April, 
developing near the base of the upper one and is pointed downward. 
It is the first case noticed in which this occurred. That the secondary 
bulbs are really buds from the primary but immature bulbs, is shown 
by the structure of the runner-tip. This tip forms the terminal bud 
of the runner and is shown in fig. 6. The runner is hollow for nearly 
its full length when in its best condition, the tube tapering toward the 
upper part. Through the runner some vascular-bundles extend. 
These are more highly developed near the parent bulb than at the 
tip, and are surrounded by cells which contain a supply of starch. In 
a section of a runner-tip at a point corresponding to 4 B, fig. 6, a 
structure like fig. 9g is seen, the irregular patches being the bundles, 
and the line cutting off a portion being the boundary of the bud 
within the runner. Some of these runner-buds in shape closely re- 
semble the seeds, (compare fig. 7 a bud and fig. 8, a seed). Figure 7 
shows a longisection of a runner-bud, natural size, as it reaches its 
full development as a bud. It is now ready to absorb the runner and 
becomes a bulb. 
The bundle, f is seen running down to the base of the bud, and is 
also shown ina similar position in the seed. The soft spongy portion 
of the seed is directed away from the placenta, as the point of the bud, 
just above, is away from the runner. In figs. g and ro, in a section of 
a bud similar to the trans-section 4 BZ of figs. 6 and 7, the structure 
is seen to be more highly developed, bearing a resemblance to the 
bulbs themselves. The bundles are more differentiated and more 
numerous, and the bud has begun to develop its internal sprout. 
The growth of fleshy fibers from the upper part of the runner-bud, 
(See Bor. Gaz. 19: pl. 7. fig. 27. 1894.) noted in 1893 has not been 
seen since, but such fibers were well developed in that specimen. 
As the fibrous roots at the base of the mature bulbs are persistent 
through the year they are ready to start with the warm weather so that 
the plants have means for very rapid development, when spring 
The immature bulbs develop their roots in order of their size, the 
smallest not producing theirs until the latter part of October, between 
October 26th and November 15th, in 1894. 
Among the plants collected by the students of Rutgers College last 
spring one Erythronium was brought in having two flowers, on S€P- 
arate pedicels, but springing from the same point of the plant, which 
was otherwise normal. In the general herbarium of the institution 1s 
a plant bearing a third leaf, which springs from the stem just below 
the separation of the normal leaves. This third leaf is considerably 
smaller than either of the others. Another plant has a blossom, with 
