190 . DR. LINDSAY ON THE SPERMOGONES AND 
series which I believe to be sufficient, as regards both number and character, to exhibit 
the important relations of these organs to morphology and physiology. The main object 
of my researches was simply the minute anatomy of the so-called secondary or comple- 
mentary organs of fructification. But my investigations, and especially those whose 
results are now submitted on the lower lichens, have brought to light a number of attri- 
butes of their spermogones and pyenides that appear to me to be of equal interest, and 
novelty, relating to their morphology and physiology—attributes that tend to ally still 
more closely the Lichens with the Fungi. I made no observations specially directed to 
the Physiology of Reproduction in lichens—to the functions of spermogones or pycnides, 
spermatia or stylospores. But my results, in so far as they bear upon the morphology 
of these organs, necessarily relate indirectly to their physiology. 
. In both memoirs I have in great measure used the specimens contained in published 
fascieuli of lichens—an arrangement which has this great advantage, that they are equally 
accessible to other students for comparative observation. The fasciculi in question were 
mostly those of Leighton (England); Nylander (France); Schærer and Hepp (Switzerland 
chiefly, though also the neighbouring parts of Germany, Italy, and France). If my doc- 
trines, hereinafter to be explained, of Polymorphism and Plurality of organs are correct, 
other observers will probably obtain from an examination of different copies of the same 
fasciculi—in other words, of different specimens of the same species and varieties—results 
differing both from mine, and from the characters of spermogones and pycnides ee by 
classifiers and nomenclators such as Nylander, Kórber, or Mudd. 
The present memoir relates to the spermogones and pyenides of the following Tribes 
and Genera * :— 
Family LICHENACEI. Number of Species t 
whose Spermogones 
Series I. Placodei. and Pyenides are 
Number of Species t ania 
Pa Spe m 5. Platygrapha . . . IÍ 
—- ^ eres — 6. Melaspilea . . . . 1 
Tribe I. Lecanorei. 7. Mycoporum . . . 1 
Genus 1. Lecanora . . . . 27 Series II. Pyrenodei. 
2. Urceolaria . . . . 1 Tribe IV. Pyrenocarpei. 
3. Pertusaria . . . . 4 Genus > ron PC vc 5 
'ribe II. Lecidiei. . Verrucaria . . ti 
Genusl. Lecidea . . . . . 47 Series III. Mice 
Tribe III. Graphidei. Tribe V. Morini : 
Genus 1. Opegrapha . 6 Genus 1. Cálicium 000404 11 
2. Graphis . 2 Total Genera. . . 14 
3. Arthonia za CR 8 » ‘Species . 7. 3 2398 
4. Stigmatidium  . . 3 (Eaclusive of varieties and forms). 
I have used the generic names, for the most part, in their comprehensive sense, in- 
* Axrxigód aceording to Nylander's * Dispositio Systematica,” Lich. Scand. p. 19. 
+ The nomenclature of the species and varieties is that of Mudd's * Manual of British Lichens’ (1861); which I 
id adopted simply because it is the only recent work that contains deseriptive charaeters, as well as a systematic 
enumeration, of all the British Lichens known up to the period of its publication. 
