278 ` DR. LINDSAY ON THE SPERMOGONES AND 
of, and perhaps referable to, a Verrucaria. Spermatia are suboblong, atomic in size, 
on short, linear sterigmata, branching at the base. Cellular matrix of the sterigmata 
brown. 
Genus IT. GRAPHIS. 
The spermogones resemble those of Opegrapha and Arthonia, but they are much less 
commonly met with than in these two genera. The spermatia are usually linear (or 
cylindrical), and straight. The sterigmata are generally short, simple, linear, and of 
equal breadth to the spermatia; but they sometimes consist of two or three sublinear, 
shortish articulations. Asa general rule, however, Arthrosterigmata are absent in the 
Graphidei. Pyenides occur, though very rarely, just as in Opegrapha and Arthonia 
(e. g. in Graphis scripta). 
Species 1. G. SCRIPTA, L.* 
Specimen 1. On beech, Rostellan, Cork: Carroll Pycnides are scattered here and 
there on the white thallus, outside the region of the lirellæ, as large, irregular, promi- 
nent, black cones, as large as, and otherwise externally resembling, the perithecia of 
Verrucaria gemmata. The stylospores are mostly pyriform, but also oval or subspherical, 
$009 - 5000 X 5000 Straight or slightly curved, colourless, simple, or containing one or 
more nuclei, or granular contents. Basidia longish, simple, filiform. 
Specimen 2. Var. spathea, Ach. (Mudd, Br. Lich. p. 239). On beech, Switzerland : 
Scher. Exs. No. 88, sub Opegrapha scripta, var. limitata, f. flexuosa. Spermogones are 
scattered about the thalline boundary-line as black, punctiform bodies, with deep-brown 
cellular envelope, containing ellipsoid, pale yellow spermatia, 5556 X sosoo. Sterig- 
mata very short, sometimes simple and linear, occasionally made up of two or three 
slender, short articulations. Here the colour of the reproductive corpuscles assimilates 
them to stylospores, while the character of their supports is that rather of sterigmata. 
Specimen 3. Var. horizontalis, Leight. Abdon, Shropshire: Leight. Exs. No. 244, sub 
G. serpentina, var. Pycnides occur scattered among the lirelle, superficial, minute, 
black, papilleeform, with pale brown cellular envelope, containing very abundant and very 
small, generally irregularly pyriform stylospores, on simple basidia, so short as to appear 
absent or inconspicuous. 
Species-2. G. ANGUINA, Mont. (=Stenographa, Mudd, Br. Lich, p. 235). 
Specimen 1. On bark, Colin Glen, Belfast: Prof. Dickie, 1851. Spermogones occur as 
small, black, round, punctiform bodies, comparatively conspicuous on the white mealy 
thallus, in groups by themselves, not associated with lirellæ. The cavity is simple, the 
envelope of deep-brown cellular tissue. Spermatia rod-shaped, 55455 X 20500 Very abun- 
dant. Sterigmata delicate, linear, bifurcating or branching below, about 3355 X 55-465 
—that is, of equal width to the spermatia. 
On small patches of an olive-coloured thallus, associated with the Graphis, are sper- 
* Vide also note on the spermogones of a species doubtfully referred to G. scripta in my former Memoir, pp. 140 
and 141. 
