MEMOIR OF DANIEL TREADWELL. 501 



To understand the operation of the regulator and comb, Ave will suppose that the roving of hemp en- 

 tering at L (Fig. 1) has been carried in the hatchel-belt to the drawing-rollers ss (Fig. -IK moving with 

 a constant rotaiy motion, and that the wheels and pinions move the shaft //(Fig. 10); then if the 

 filament between the rollers is of the right size, as arranged by the thumb-nut 2a (Fig. 4), the catch, 

 mm f (Fig. 10), will not engage the wheels g and #', and there will be no motion in the pulley b, nor of 

 the hatchel-belt, and no hemp presented to the drawing-rollers s s, and the filament will become small. 

 Then the upper drawing-roller running in the levers qq (Fig. 1) will fall, and the rod la will fall, and 

 the rod r r will roll, carrying with it the arm t f , which with the weight y will draw the slide-bar <> o (Figs. 5 

 and 10) to the right, and the catch mm 1 on the clutch-boxes (which are always in motion, in connection 

 "with the shaft//) will engage the w T heels#and $, which will revolve and give motion, through the connect- 

 ing pulleys 5c, 6c, and 8c, to the pulley b, which will put the hatchel-belt in motion and advance the 

 roving to the drawing-rollers until the filament is sufficiently large, when the rod la will rise and the 

 slide-bar oo move to the left, and the catch m mf no longer drive the wheel g, and the further advance 

 of the roving cease. If, however, the filament does not increase, but diminishes, then the rollers ss and 

 the levers q q fall still more, the slide-bar moves still farther to the right, and the catch m f engages the 



pin k' upon the wheel g r and carries it round with it. Now, as the wheel g f is larger than the wheel //, 

 and the wheel V is smaller than the wheel I, the shaft h and the pulley Be will, through the successive 

 pulle}'s and pinions, drive the pulley b faster, and the fibres of roving on the hatchel-belt will reach the 

 drawing-rollers more frequently. 



If now the filament is too large, the upper roller rises, and, b}' the connections already described, the 

 shaft rr rolls and its vertical arm t f moves the slide-bar to the left, and the star-wheel raises the end of 

 the lever 6a, and, the opposite end being depressed, brings down the teeth of the comb 8b (Fig. 1) into 

 the roving, at the same time that the right end of the lever lc rises and the rod 2c forces op the false 

 bottom of the gatherer x and impedes the passage of the fibres of the roving to the drawing-rollers, 

 while a portion of those already between them are broken off* until the roving is reduced to the proper 

 size, when the comb will rise, the false bottom fall, and the roving, no longer impeded, will again 

 move on. 



Fig. 14 represents an elevation of the bobbin-frame of the Gypsey by which the filament is twisted 

 and wound up; and Fig. 16, an elevation as seen in the end of the drawing-frame. GeGeGe is the 

 wooden frame of the bobbin-frame. The flyer is shown, 1/1/ 2/2/ are sheaves over which the yarn 



5/. The bobbin-spindle, 3/ 



4/, 



upon these bars in the direction of their length. The spindle passes through the hollow centre of the right 

 gudgeon of the flyer, as seen in Fig. 14 ; the hole through the gudgeon being somewhat larger than the 

 spindle. The pulley 6/ is fixed to the bobbin-spindle, and the pulley 7/ is fixed to the flyer, and the 

 bands of both pullej-s run over the drum 9/, that end of it over which the band 7/ runs being larger than 

 the rest of the drum, by which arrangement the flyer is driven faster than the bobbins, and thus winds 

 up the yarn upon it. When, by the accumulation of the yarn on the bobbin, its circumference is in- 

 creased, the difference between the greater circumference and the revolutions of the flyer is provided for 

 by the slight tension of the belt which passes over the drum 9/ to the pulley 6/, by which it is made to 

 slip in some degree by the pulling of the yarn itself upon the bobbin from the constant tending of the 



flyer to wind it up. 



To distribute the yarn equally upon the bobbin, it is necessary that it should move alternately 



To do this, a collar, So, is placed upon the spindle 3/. This collar 



through a space equal to its length. To do this, a collar, 3g, is placed 

 runs in a stud, 4g, which stands upon a slide, bg. This slide can be moved in the direction of its length, 

 its right end resting in a proper box in the frame Ge. Two straps pass from buckles to the slide bg 

 (Fig. 14), over the top of the pulley Gg in opposite directions, and are fastened to the periphery 



pulley on different sides of the same. 



fg with the pulley 8g. 2h is a 



heart- wheel, which moves 1g back and forth. It will be seen that, when the heart-wheel moves the slides 



