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Mineralogy and Geology. 277 



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of PUtte River. Thence north over a "wide extent the Cretaceous is 

 spread out, dipping westward under the Tertiary of the Bad Lands of 

 White River in lat. 43 to 44° perhaps, and terminated still farther north 

 and west by the great Lignite Tertiary basin some hundred miles in ex- 

 tent, till above lat. 47° and long. 108 to 110° appears again the Creta- 

 ceous formation. Five vertical sections of the Cretaceous are given, No. 

 1 being found on the southeast at Platte River, and again on the north- 

 west part of the long section at Fort Benton. The author of this paper, 

 Dr. Hayden, has spent no small part of four years in the territory and 

 has more fully explored its natural history than any other individual. 

 This and the following paper are the results of explorations under the 

 War Department. c. d. 



13. Descriptions of New Species and Genera of Fossils collected hj 

 Dr. F. F, Hayden in Nebraska Territory in 1856, (Ibid.) — The new 

 species described in this paper are about forty, under seventeen genera, of 

 which two are new. Preceding these descriptions are important " Re- 

 marks on the Tertiary and Cretaceous Formations," filling nineteen pages 

 and presenting full confirmation of the " parallelism" of these rocks 

 "with others over the country. Several sections of rocks, widely separated, 

 are given for comparison, which with the fossils establish the " parallel- 

 ism" announced in a preceding paper. An abstract would be too long 

 for this place. The facts also tend to prove that the Tertiaiy of AVhite 

 River, that " Cemetery of Pre-Adamite Mammals," is Miocene, as first 

 suggested by Dr. Leidy. For other interesting geological conclusions 

 reference must be made to the paper itself, the joint labor of F. B, Meek 

 and F. V. Hayden, M.D. 



The scientific world is under much obligfttion to the War Department 



for these and other discoveries in the territories of the United States^ Dr. 



k Hayden was in 1856 with the party commanded by Lieut. G. K Warren, 



U. S. Topographical Engineer, in Nebraska, and no partial credit is due to 

 this officer for his interest and aid in the prosecution of geological discove- 

 ries. In advance of the final report of Lieut. Warren, this paper is per- 

 mitted by the Hon. Secretary of War to be made public through the 



Academy of Sciences. \J^* 



14. North Carolina Mountains,— The lofty peaks of western North 

 ( Carolina were barometrically measured by Prof. Guyot, in July, 1856, 



^ith the following results. These twelve summits are all higher than 

 Mount Washington in New Hampshire, which according to Professor 

 Bache^s survey is 6285 feet in height. 



Name Height. 



1. Clingman^s Peak, - - - - 6701 feet. 



2. Guyot's Peak (or Balsam Cone), - - 6661 " 



3. Sandoz Knob, - - " - " 6612 



4. Hairy Bear, - - - * • 6597 

 6. Cat-tail Peak, - - - " - • 6595 



6. Gibbes' Peak, . . - - - 6586 



7. Mitchell's Peak, .... 6576 



8. Sugar-Loaf (or Hallback Peak), • - 6401 



9. PotatoeTop, - - - " - 6389 

 10. Black Knob, * T " - - 63/7 



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11. Bowler's Pyramid, - - - " 6345 



12. Roan Mountain, 6318 



