TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL REPORT 



OF THK 



BUREAU OF AMEKITAN ETIIN()].()(;y 



J. AY. Powell, Director 



INTRODUCTION 



Ethnologic researches have been c-oiKhutcd 1)\ the Piin-au 

 of American Ethnology durino- tlie fiscal year ('n(lin<r .limr 

 30, 1902, under authority of the act of Conirress iiiakiiiir i>r«»- 

 vision "for continuing- researches relatinji" U> tlu* Amcriran 

 Indians under the direction of the Sniithsoninn Institution." 

 approved. March 4, 1901. The work was cju-ned forward in 

 accordance with the formal plan of operations suhuiittcd on 

 May 20, 1901, and api)roved by the Secrctin-y on May 23. 

 1901. 



Field, operations were conducted in Alaska, Arizona, Hritish 

 Columbia, California, Colorado, Chiluialuia (Mexico), (ireen- 

 land, Indian Territory, Iowa, Maine, Missouri, New Mexico, 

 New York, Oklalioma, Oregon, Porto Rico, Texas, and 

 Wyoming. Tlie office work covered material gatlicrcd tVoni 

 most of the States and Territories, as well as from \arious 

 other i)arts of the American licniisplien-. 



SCOPE OF TlIK WoKK 



The researches of the year were ((uwhicted in accordance 

 with an ethnic system set forth in earher rep.»rts. Tliis .syn 

 tern may be defined as the Science of Kthn.dogy in its ino«l- 

 ern aspects. Although based on investigations in all j.ails of 

 the world during th(' last century, tli.' system is esM-ntially 



