STEVENSON] BEGINNINGS OF THE UNIVP:RSE 28 



when he sleeps to awake in the abiding- place of the j^ods:— mid the 

 Morning- and Pivening- Stars. 



3. Celestial ., (uithropic (represented in carvings and paintings). The 

 Polar Star, all the fixed stars, the Morning and Evening Stai-s. the 

 Galaxy, Orion, Pleiades, Ursa ^Nlajor, Ursa Minor, and Achiyalii'topa 

 (the being with wings and tail of knives). 



4. Terrestrial. Earth Mother, giver of vegetation. 



5. Suhterranean, anthrojjic (not personated). The (Jods of ^^'ar 

 (represented by images of wood), children of the Sun Father, who 

 have their successors but not impersonators on the earth: Po'shai- 

 3'anki, the culture hero; and Corn ^Mother. 



6. Suhterranean, antJiropic (represented by persons wearing masks 

 and in one instance by an ophiomorphous image). Salt Mother, giver 

 of herself; Corn Father, giver of himself: White Shell Woman, 

 g-iver of herself; Red Shell Woman, giver of herself: Tuniuois 

 Man, giver of himself; patronal and ancestral gods; the Plumed 

 Serpent; and a number of foreign deities to be propitiated. 



7. Terrestrial and s)d>terranea)}. Zoic gods who phiy tiieir part 

 through the esoteric fraternities, eradicating the ill effects of witch- 

 craft on individuals and interceding ])etween the members of the 

 fraternities and the Sun Father and Moon ^Mother, and })etween them 

 and the anthropic gods. 



Beginnings of the Univf.kse 



The Zuiii ceremonies cluster about a cosmogony which ser\-es to kei^p 

 the beliefs alive and to guide both actors and spectators through the 

 observances. 



In the beginning A'wonawil'ona ^\ith the Sun Father and Moon 

 Mother existed above, and Shi'wanni and Shi'wano'"kia. iiis wife, 

 below. Shi'wanni and Shi'wano"kia were sui)erhuinan beings who 

 labored not with hands but with hearts and minds. The rain jjriests 

 of Zufii are called A'shiwanni and the Priestess of Fecundity is called 

 Shi'wano"kia, to indicate that they do no secular work; they give 

 their minds and hearts to higher thoughts in order that thiMr bodi(>s be 

 so purified they may enter into communion with th(> gods. 



All was shi'pololo (fog), rising like steam. With the Itreatli from 

 his heart A'wonawil'ona created clouds and the great waters of the 

 world. He-She is the blue vault of the lirmament. The breath 

 clouds of the gods are tinted with the yellow of the north, the blue- 

 green of the west, the red of the south, and the silver of the east of 

 A'wonawil'ona. The smoke clouds of white and black l)ecome a pait 

 of A'wonawil'ona; they are himself, as he is the air itself; and when 

 the air takes on the form of a bird it is but a part of himself— is himself. 

 Throug-h the light, clouds, and air he becomes the essence and creator 



