36 THE ZUNI INDIANS [eth. ann. 23 



Destruction of the Kia'nakwe, and Songs of Thanksgiving 



The day was still young- when these gods requested Kow'wituma, 

 Wats'u.si, a man of the Coyote clan, and To'na 0'^si (Turkey man«) to 

 muster about a pottery tlrum and dance. The man of the Coyote clan 

 was provided with a drumstick, such as is used at the present time for 

 these drums. U'yuyewi, Ma*sai'lema, all those who had participated 

 in tighting, and the A'shivvanni joined in the broken circle around 

 the group, each man in the circle having a woman of his paternal clan 

 by his side. 



By command of Kow'wituma the man of the Coyote clan gave four 

 loud and distinct strokes upon the drum, and then beat it rapidly, which 

 called forth seven beings from the depths of the earth, who took their 

 places in the group. The circle moved slowly, with even, measured 

 step. Those in the circle sang, Kow'wituma, keeper of the songs, lead- 

 ing the song. After four songs, or stanzas, the To'na 0"si struck the 

 drum with his great claws four times, each time clearly and with great 

 force. Each stroke caused the hearts of the enemy to tremble and 

 jump with fear. He then beat rapidly upon the drum while those form- 

 ing the circle sang- four songs, after which the A'shiwi, accompanied 

 by the Divine Ones, U'j'uyewi and Ma*sai'lema, advanced to meet the 

 •enemy, who were discovered to be the Kia'nakwe, though the A'shiwi 

 called them the white people, because they all wore nii'has* (white 

 cotton embroidered blankets). 



The tighting continued four days. The Kia'nakwe were compelled 

 to close their nostrils with raw cotton to avoid the sulphurous odors 

 emitted from the bodies of the A'shiwi, At night each party fell back; 

 the Kia'nakwe to their village, and the A'shiwi to Han'Hipinkia, where 

 thev danced and prayed throughout the night for rain. 



The second night the Kia'kwemosi sent the Divine Ones to Ko'thlu- 

 wala'wa to inquire if A' wan ta'Vhu Ko'3^emshi could tell anything 

 about the enemy, and to implore the Council of the Gods to cause 

 rainfall, that the A'shiwi bowstrings, which were made of yucca fiber, 

 might be made strong, and the bowstrings of the enemy, made of 

 deer sinew, might be weakened. The A'shiwi secured their arrows 

 for the engagement with the Kia'nakwe on Ko'yemshi mountain.^ 

 Mountain is to be seen at left of plate (see plate iv). 



The prayers of the A'shiwi brought heavy rains on the third morning, 

 and again they met the enem3^ This time their forces were strength- 



a This personage was a turkey of enormous size. 



6The Zuiiissay they never saw the mi'ha until they met the Kia'nakwe, but they afterward wove it 

 of their native cotton. The modern mi'ha is made by the Hopi priests, and consists of commercial 

 cotton in the body of the blanket and wools for embroidery. They are exclusively ceremonial and 

 are the most valued of all fabrics known to these people. The principal designs in the embroidery 

 are conventional butterflies and cloud and lightning symbols. 



cAs already stated, Ko'yemshi mountain, in the immediate vicinity of Ko'thluwala'wa, was 

 iound to have been a central place for arrow making. 



