62 THE ZUNI INDIANS [ETH.AN^.23 



ANTHROPIC WORSHIP AND RITUAL 



Kl'wi'siWE AND THEIR FUNCTIONS 



The Ziini ki'wi'siwe (chambers dedicated to anthropic worship) are 

 above ground, rectangular, and constructed of stone. The exterior 

 walls are roughl\' plastered, but the interior w^alls are smoothly fin- 

 ished like those of dwellings. They are entered through a hatchway 

 quite different from that found in the roofs of other buildings. Each 

 ki'wi'sine has a couple of openings in the front wall for the admission 

 of light; in early days these were never closed, as those not privileged 

 to do so would never look in the direction of the ki'wi'sine while a cere- 

 monial was proceeding within. At present these openings are tilled 

 with wads of cloth to prevent the intrusive eyes of strangers. There 

 is an interior door leading to the adjoining dwelling. The fire altar 

 (see plate xx), which is constructed of stone slabs, is immediatel}' 

 beneath the hatchway, so that the smoke can readily escape. 



As has been stated, the A' wan ta"chu Ko'yemshi appointed a man 

 of the Deer clan as Ko'mosona" director of the Ko'tiliki (mythologic 

 fj-aternity) and director-general of the ki'wi*siwe, and a man of the 

 same clan as his warrior, and he selected a man of the Badger clan 

 as Ko'pekwin (deputy) to the Ko'mosona, and a man of the Badger 

 clan as warrior to the Ko'pekwin. 



There is a great variet}^ of anthropic gods in the Zufii pantheon, 

 many of them ancestral. Certain gods are allied to particular ki'vvi'- 

 siwe, their dances being under the special direction of the o'taikia 

 mo'sona (dance director) of the ki'wi'sine, to which the personators of 

 these gods belong. 



There are six ki'wi*siwe, dedicated to the six regions. The one for 

 the north is He'iwa (building up wall, so named because the people 

 were constantly tearing down and rebuilding the ki'wi^'sine), and it 

 stands on the north side of si'aa' te'wita* (sacred dance court), though 

 not on the north side of the village. The one for the west, Mu'he'wa 

 (manure house; this ki'wi'sine was originally built of blocks of manure), 

 is not on the west side of the village, but stands rather to the center of 

 the group of ki'wi*siwe. Chu'pawa (corn house; this name was derived 

 from the people in the olden times popping corn in the ki'wi^sine) is 

 dedicated to the south, and is in the southern portion of the village, but 

 not on the south side. As it is south of the main group of houses it 



«The fact that the Deer clan is almost extinct causes much anxiety to the Zuiiis. The present 

 warrior to the Ko'mosona belongs to the Bear clan, owing to their inability to find a man of the Deer 

 clan among the A'pi''lashiwanni (Bow priesthood) to fill the place. 



i> Si'aa', to break or tear apart. This te'wita received its name because of the danger of the sur- 

 rounding walls falling because of the large crowds of spectators who gathered on the roofs to observe 

 the ceremonies in the court. 



