148 THE ZUNI INDIANS [eth. ann. 23 



but are spirituall}^ present, the}^ also furnish great entertainment to 

 the people. The sacred dance court of the Zunis is not onl}^ their 

 temple where they invoke their god, but it is their theater where they 

 gratif}' their love for the spectacular. 



From the close of the Kor'kokshi dances to the latter part of March 

 the ki'wi'siwe hold a variety of dances, which furnish great interest 

 and enjoyment to the people. When a wor'li or some prominent 

 member of a ki'wi*sine wishes to have a dance, he calls at some house 

 where he will tind a number of his people gathered, as it is customary 

 for people of a ki'wi*sine to meet almost nightly, when not other- 

 wise engaged, in the different houses of the members. He savs: 

 "I wish to have a dance; let us arrange for it." They begin making 

 songs at once — there are song-makers in Zufii as well as elsewhere. 

 The wor'li makes four te'likinawe on the following day and plants 

 them during the same afternoon to the Kok'ko A'wa (all the gods), 

 and the dance occurs on the fourth night. On the fourth afternoon 

 the wor'li makes a reed cigarette, carries it to the house of the Great 

 Father Ko'yemshi, or to the director of a fraternity, and presents it, 

 with the request that the recipient furnish Ko'3'emshi for the dance. 



The wor'li and dancers assemble in the ki'wi'^sine and dance and sing 

 during the night. The man who is selected by the wor'li to act as 

 leader, or priest, of the dancers goes to the ki'wi'sine, where he remains 

 while the others visit the house of the Great Father Ko'yemshi, or the 

 director of a fraternity, as the case may be, and dance. At dawn they 

 go to the river bank, deposit their tortoise-shell rattles, and, putting 

 on their masks, sprinkle meal and pvay. They wear their ordinary 

 dress, and on their return to the village dance in the four plazas. 

 The Ko'yemshi do not appear at this hour with the dancers, who go 

 later to their homes and eat, after which thej^ bathe and wash their 

 hair if only the sho'yanne (mask which covers only the face) is worn. 

 After the bath they carry their dance paraphernalia to the ki'wi^sine, 

 the masks being already there. The leader, dressed in his regalia, 

 returns to the ki'wi'^sine in the morning to lead the dancers. 



Summer Solstice Ceremonies" 



Though the visits of the pe'kwin (deputy to the Sun Father and 

 Shi'wanni of the Zenith) to the petrified stump referred to in the 

 winter solstice ceremonies are continued dail}^ for the purpose of 

 offering meal and prayers to the rising sun, no further observations 

 are made from this point after those for the winter solstice. The 

 pe'kwin observes Yiil'lan 'hlan'na (Great mountain), a mesa northwest 

 of Zuni, from the shrine at Ma"sakia (see figure 3) for a number of 



« Yii'tokla te''chi (sun reaches there), the summer solstice, is indicated by the setting sun stnliing 

 a certain point on a mesa northwest of Zuni. 



