STEVENSON] SUMMER SOLSTICE CEREMONIES 149 



evenings prior to the summer solstice. The sun strikes a certain point 

 of this mesa at sunset for five consecutive days. The Zunis say that 

 the Sun Father rests five times in succession over this mesa in his daily 

 journeys over the world. At other times he does not halt twice in the 

 same place. Upon the first observation of the sun at this point the 

 pe'kwin informs the elder brother Bow priest, who is also Shi'wanni 

 of the Nadir, and he notifies the first body of A'shiwanni. They 

 gather the same evening- in the ceremonial chamber of the Kia'kwemosi 

 (Shiwanni of the North). 



The following morning the pe'kwin makes four tc'likinawe and ties 

 them in pairs, to be offered to the Sun Father and Moon Mother. 

 Those for the sun have their sticks colored blue and those for the 

 moon yellow. He plants them at a shrine on Yiil'lan 'hlan'na. The 

 fourth day following he prepares four te'likinawe to the deceased 

 a'pekwin (sun priests) and plants them in his field. On the fourth 

 morning following the deposition of these plumes he plants two to the 

 sun and two to the moon on Yiil'lan ^ilan'na; the fourth morning after- 

 ward he repeats the planting- of four te'likinawe to the deceased 

 a'pekwin in the field; again on the fourth morning succeeding he 

 plants two to the sun and two to the moon on Yal'lan *hlan'na, and 

 the fourth morning afterward he deposits. four to the deceased a'pekwin. 

 in the field. The same fast is observed by the pe'kwin in connection 

 with the planting of these plumes as that practiced in depositing the 

 plumes previous to the winter solstice. 



At early dawn of the last day of depositing the plumes he announces 

 from the roof of the ceremonial house of the Kia'kwemosi that yii'tokia 

 teVhi (summer solstice) will occur on the eighth daj'^ after the issuing 

 of this notice. As he stands facing the rising sun while making the 

 announcement to the people, it is believed that he is repeating the 

 words given him at the time by the Sun Father. At this season 

 the pe'kwin is supposed to have direct communication with the Sun 

 Father. In addition to the notice, the pe'kwin says: "1 wish my 

 children to make te'likinawe to my Sun Father, ]\Ioon ^Mother, and to 

 the u'wannami (rain-makers). I wish the A'pi'"Hashiwanni( How priest- 

 hood) to make te'likinawe to Ku'pishtava and to the u'wannam A'pi^'la- 

 shiwanni."" Though he looks upward as he speaks, his words are 

 heard by the mass of people who have congregated for the purpose. 

 In 1891 the solstice occurred on June 21, and the ceremonies of that 

 year will be described. 



Two days previous to the solstice the first bod}- of A'shiwanni assem- 

 ble in the ceremonial cham})er of the Kia'kwemosi and prepare te'li- 

 kinawe, and the Ko'mosona and Ko'pekwin prepare te'likinawe in 



a Deceased members of the Bow priesthood become lightniiifj-niakers find work with Kii'plshtnyii, 

 the chief of lightning-makers. 



