150 THE ZUNI INDIANS [eth. ann. 23 



their respective houses. All the fraternities except the 'Hle'wekwe 

 and A'pi'Hashiwanni convene on the day previous to the solstice 

 and remain in session throughout the day and night; the members 

 of the latter fraternity meet with those to whom they are allied. 

 Altars are erected in the ceremonial chamber and embellished with 

 the mi'wachi and other fetishes. Medicine water is consecrated bj^ 

 the a'kwamosi (maker of medicine water), and suds from certain roots 

 are made, symbolic of clouds. The day is consumed principally in 

 the preparation of te'likinawe to Kok'ko A'wan (Council of the Gods). 

 There are no fetishes of the Beast Gods present at this time, but at 

 night prayer songs are offered to these gods to invoke their influence 

 upon the u'wannami. The members of the A'pi'*lashiwanni offer 

 special prayers to Ku'pishtaya and u'wannam A'pi**lashiwanni. 

 Prayers are also offered to Pa'yatumu (god of music). The songs 

 are sung to the accompaniment of the rattle, no drum being used on 

 this occasion. The closing song to the rising sun, when the flute is 

 played, is exceedingly impressive. The te'likinawe prepared by mem- 

 bers of the fraternities are deposited, with their individual offerings, 

 on the day of the solstice in the manner described on page 119. 



Pottery is made and decorated on the three following days. Though 

 pottery may be made at any season, this is a special time for the work- 

 ing of this art, and women and girls are to be found busy molding 

 clay or painting in everj' house in Zuni. Pottery is tired on the fourth 

 day, when the village at night is ablaze and has the appearance of a 

 smelting town of civilization. A bit of wafer bread, the spiritual 

 essence of which is believed to feed the spirit of this object, is depos- 

 ited in each piece of pottery as it is balanced on stones to be baked 

 (see plate lxxxviii). 



The first body of A'shiwanni prepare te'likinawe in the ceremonial 

 chamber of the Kia'kwemosi on the fifth day following the solstice. 

 The men prepare those for the Slii'wano"kia (Priestess of fecundity). 

 Each shi'wanni makes two to the sun, two to the moon, four to the 

 u'wannami of each of the six regions, and four to his deceased prede- 

 cessors. The offerings are made into a kia'etchine, which is carried by 

 the Kia'kwemosi and his first associate to *Kia'nanaknana, a spring in 

 the lava beds some miles east of Zuni, and is sunk in the waters of the 

 spring. The Kia'kwemosi carries a gourd water jug covered with a 

 network of cotton and with white fluffy eagle plumes attached, which 

 he tills from the spring while his associate whirls a rhombus. On his 

 return he goes into retreat with his et'tone for eight nights, accom- 

 panied by his associates and the Shi'wano"kia." 



On the last night of his retreat, which is the night of the return of 

 the pilgrims from Ko'thluwalawa, he makes a cloud symbol of meal and 



a Each member of the first body of A'shiwanni follows in order in going into retreat (see p. 180). 



