214 THE ZUNI INDIANS Ieth. ann. 23 



of the warriors in the Up"sannawa hands the reed cigarette he carries 

 to the scalp custodian and the other hands his to the warrior who 

 accompanies them. The scalp custodian's fellow hlls his place in the 

 other ki'wi'sine. The cigarettes are lighted and returned to the donors, 

 who draw the smoke into their mouths, and, puffing it out in clouds, 

 wave the cigarettes around their heads; then they are again handed to 

 the others, who wave them twice round the heads of the donors and 

 then throw them on the floor. Two of the warriors, preceded by a 

 choir of gaih" dressed young men of the Up^sannawa and followed by 

 two girls, proceed to the plaza and stoop upon the ground, the choir 

 grouping themselves behind them, facing north; the girls dance before 

 them, facing south. The motions of these young dancers remind one 

 of humming birds hovering over blossoms. With their arms spread 

 out, they seem to be winged creatures, their feet scarcely touching the 

 earth. The length of time they keep their arms extended is remarka- 

 ble. They constantly pass one another in the dance, always keeping 

 their faces southward. A short time after the arrival of the party 

 from the Up'^sannawa ki'wi*sine the warriors from the Chu'pawa 

 ki'wi'sine, with two girls, preceded by a choir formed by members of 

 the Chu'pawa, take similar positions in the plaza, sitting a little apart 

 from the others. This ceremony is repeated until all the warriors 

 have taken part, sunset closing this feature of the day. 



During the ceremony performed b}' the last foui' warriors a hideous 

 object, representing the buflalo, appears in the plaza. His face and 

 bodj'^ are colored black, and he wears an enormous wig of black sheep- 

 skin. His only clothing is a kilt of brownish-red deerskin fringed with 

 tiny bells, held on with an embroidered Hopi sash tied at the back. 

 When the warriors leave the plaza for the last time, the four little 

 girls form in two lines about 10 feet apart and dance. The buffalo 

 man dances up and down between the lines for awhile, then darts off, 

 shaking the rattle held in the right hand, and clasps one of the girls 

 in an obscene manner." He returns and dances between the lines, 

 and finally leaves the plaza amid great enthusiasm of the spectators. 



Ceremonies of the Second Night 



By 9 o'clock those interested in the ceremonies of the night are busy 

 preparing for them. While the Chu'pawa and Mu'he'wa are the only 

 ki'wi*siwe in which the warriors assemble, members of the other 

 ki'wi*siwe, wearing the dress of the anthropic gods, dance in a num- 

 ber of dwellings during the night, singing songs composed for the 

 occasion. 



a This character, which has been adopted from the Hopi Indians, plays no part in the rites of 

 thanksgiving, and is merely introduced for amusement, like the character in the night ceremonies 

 in the ki'wi'sing. 



