498 THE ZUNI INDIANS [eth. ann. 23 



a draft of medicine water to each person present. The men, and 

 afterward the women, gather about the altar and pray, and the women 

 return to their homes, the men remaining in the ceremonial chamber. 



Fourth night. The four walls of the ceremonial chamber are orna- 

 mented with paintings of the cougar in yellow, bear in black, badger 

 white spotted in black, wolf in gray, and a second bear in dark gray 

 followed by a cub. A black thread outlines each figure except the 

 cub. The hearts are shown in red, with a line extending from the 

 heart to the mouth in the same color. A red-colored lluii'y eagle 

 plume, insignia of Myster}" medicine, is attached to the outline near 

 the head of each animal. The altar is elaborate with its fetishes and 

 other accessories. 



Although the opening of the ceremonial is not until 11 o'clock, the 

 personal adornment commences at 9, the men, as usual, painting first 

 their own limbs and then the bodies of one another in red hematite 

 and then in micaceous hematite. Both of the paints are scraped and 

 mixed in water. The women decorate in white their own feet and 

 legs halfway to the knee and their hands and arms midwa}^ to the 

 elbow. Some time is consumed in this decoration, and the process is 

 evidently enjoyed. Finally all is completed and the men group in 

 the southwest end of the room. 



Members of the A'pi'Hashiwanni are privileged to be present at the 

 meetings of all the fraternities, but they are not alone the privileged 

 ones. Others may not only be present b}^ invitation of the director of 

 a fraternity, but they ma}' be active in the healing. It is quite com- 

 mon for the director of a fraternity to invite members of another 

 organization to join him in his ceremonies. On the present occasion 

 two men and a woman of the Shu'maakwe f raternit}" and other guests 

 from the Little Fire fraternity, one being a woman, arrive and are 

 greeted with marked cordialit}', though pronounced formalit}", and 

 shown seats on the ledge at the west end of the room near the choir. 

 The two theurgists from Sia, who have been present each night, are 

 also cordially received and shown seats on the south ledge. 



At the outset sacred meal is given from corn husks into the palm of 

 the left hand and afterward medicine is distributed from corn husks. 

 The meal is sprinkled on the altar and the medicine is taken into the 

 mouth of the one who Teceives it and expectorated on the body and 

 afterward rubbed over the body with the right hand. A warrior and 

 another male member carry out food from before the altar, each pro- 

 viding himself with a pinch of meal from a basket before it, and the 

 a'kwamosi, who sits as usual to the north side of the altar, after 

 making a cross of meal upon which the medicine bowl is to stand, 

 signals the choir to begin by raising the bowl. The ritual attending 

 the making of the medicine water does not vary from that previously 

 described. 



