530 THE ZUNI INDIANS [eth. ann. 23 



On the fourth mornino- the novice croes with his fraternit}^ father to 

 a deserted ant-hill, and .stepping tirmly on the ground he extends his 

 right foot over the hill. Standing on his toes he takes the tips of the 

 fraternity father's eagle-wing plumes in each hand and then stoops 

 over the ant-hill while the fraternity father repeats a prayer. The 

 novice does not relinquish the plumes until after he rises. 



The prayer plumes made for novices of the A'chiya order are in 

 length from the inner side of the bend of the elbow to the tip of the 

 middle linger, the sticks are painted yellow, and eagle plumes and 

 feathers of the birds of the six regions are attached. These offerings 

 are to A'chiyala'topa (the being of the Zenith with wings and tail of 

 knives), who gave the knife to the Ha'lo'kwe. 



Shu'maakwe 



The Hhu'maakwe is named from shu'minne, a spiral shell, because 

 this fraternity treats the disease known as ku'sukiayakia, which is a 

 terrible twisting of the body, convulsions. If the pain strikes the 

 back of the neck, the head twists and the afflicted one falls. The 

 remedy is to sprinkle urine on a heated stone over Avhich crushed 

 medicine is sprinkled. The invalid, if he is an adult, is carried in a 

 blanket by four men to the fraternity chamber, where the principal 

 men of the fraternity are assembled; the altar is erected and a meal 

 painting is made before it. The director of the fraternity makes a 

 square of four central stalks of yucca, syml)olic of the four winds, 

 by crossing them at the corners and tying them; he then lays the 

 square upon the painting. When the patient arrives, he is rubbed 

 with the medicine from the hot stone, and then the director, while 

 four songs are sung, manipulates the square over the head of the inva- 

 lid, down the back, arms, breast, legs, and over the feet. He then 

 rolls the square between his flattened hands, and after a short time the 

 yucca drops from his hands in the four original pieces. Should the 

 director fail to undo the four knots during the rubbing of the yucca, 

 the patient would surely die. 



The Shu'maakwe has for its patron gods the Shumai'koli of the six 

 regions and their attendant Sai'apa warriors. These gods are sup- 

 posed to live in Chi'pia, which is in the east and near Shi'papolima, 

 the home of Po'shai3"anki (Zuni culture hero). The fraternity com- 

 prises two orders — Shumai'koli and Fire. It is stated in the chapter 

 on "Origin and functions of esoteric fraternities" that the Shu'maa- 

 kwe was organized by the Shumai'koli when they visited Hal'ona on 

 the special invitation of the pe'kwin (sun priest). The origin of the 

 Shu'maakwe fraternity is explained in the following legend: 



When the Shumai^koli came to this world through Ji^mi'kianapkiatea in the 

 northwest, the Sun Father commanded them to go to his house in the east. The 

 distance was great, and all the Shumai'koli and all who accompanied them — men, 



