FEWKEs] GROUP A OF BLACK FALLS EUINS 43 



THE CITADEL 



The walls of the Citadel (figure -i) are constructed of blocks of lava 

 and sandstone, and cover the top of a truncated elevation. The.v are 

 arranged about a level central court or plaza, the surrounding walls 

 of which are best preserved on the western side. The hill on which the 

 citadel is built bears evidence of having once been a volcanic cone, 

 and was an advantageous place of refuge for the inhabitants of the 

 neighboring houses, as it had a commanding position, was difficult of 

 access, and was well fortified. As some of the structures were of two 

 stories, they appear to have been permanently inhabited. 



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Fli,. 1. Th.j Citadrl. -i-Miiij A. 



Twenty-three small ruins were counted from this elevated jjosition 

 (see plate vii). For convenience of description these may be desig- 

 nated A, B, c, etc. 



RUIN A 



Ruin A of group a is situated at the base of the truncated mesa of 

 the Citadel. It is built of red sandstone, with a few courses of lava 

 blocks, is 50 feet long by 12 feet wide, and contains five rooms arranged 

 side by side. Although the house was evideutlj- never more than one 

 story high, the many fallen building stones would seem to indicate 

 that its walls were once considerably higher than at present. Few 

 floor beams or rafters were detected. 



