64 TWO summers' WOKK IN PUEBLO KUINS [eth. ann. 22 



Many ladle handles broken from their Ijowls occur in all the excava- 

 tions, and from the appearance of the broken end it is evident that 

 the handle was made separate from the bowl and was later joined to it. 

 A conical projection from the side of the bowl was inserted into a 

 cavity of the handle, wliich is sometimes hollow througliout, and was 

 then luted in place before firing. Several ladle handles were per- 

 forated, and in one specimen there were small pebbles which rattled 

 wlien the ladle was shaken. 



The extremity of the ladle liandle was at times fashioned into a rude 

 image, recalling the clown i^riests' heads so common on modern clay 

 ladles. The ladle with hollow handle opening at one end into the ■ 

 bowl, which is so commonlj- made in modern times by the Pueblo 

 potters," has not yet been found in the ancient habitations of Arizona. 



Fig. U. Cup witli bird designs. 



Canteens 



The canteens by means of which the ancients cari-ied drinking 

 water were shaped somewhat like the modern canteen, l)ut were more 

 flattened, and generally decorated. While canteens of this shape 

 from old Tusayan ruins are known, they have not yet been excavated 

 'from any of the Little Colorado ruins. 



The second kind of canteen, of wiiicli several were found, has a very 

 different form and probably a different use. While the former was 

 generally borne on the back, the second was carried in the hand It 

 has an oval or globular form, with a liandle wliich is liollow, having 

 an opening midway in its length. It is possible that this form of 

 canteen (plate xxxvi h) was used to carry water for ceremonial pur- 

 poses from a spring to the ceremonial chambers, or possibly from 

 the houses to the fields. These canteens are of small capacity, and 

 are generally ornamented exteriorly with complicated designs. 



"These forms of drinking ladles, made of clay or gourds, are used in the following way: The 

 water is dipped up in the bowl and tlie end of the handle is put in the mouth. A pn>per slant to 

 the bowl allows the li(iuid to pass through the handle into the mouth. The ancient ladles were 

 not used in this way, but were used as dippers are to-day. 



