92 



TWO SUMMERS WORK IN PUEBLO RUINS 



[ETH. ANN. 22 



\ 



Fin. 49. Shell ornament from 

 Homolobi fmimlier 15fi.391 ). 



Haliotis shells were prizi^d liy the ancient Hopi pueblos, and are 

 still highly regarded and used for decoration among the modern 

 Tnsayan Indians. Three spe<nmens were found at Chaves pass. 

 These were entire, though very much eroded, when they were 



dug ovit of the earth. They were the larg- 

 est and most beautiful specimens of Hali- 

 otis which the author has seen from ancient 

 Arizona ruins. Several fragments of this 

 shell were found, all apparently worked, 

 two being perforated for susiiension. 



A Strombus .shell from tlie Chevlon ruin 

 has a ring of pigment al)out the uml)o, but 

 one from Chaves pass is undecorated. 



One of the most highly prized for orna- 

 mental purposes of all Pacific coast shells 

 was Cardium, which made its way by bar- 

 ter in prehistoric times throughout all the New Mexican and Arizonan 

 pueblos. 



Figure 50, from Chaves pass, was a nicelj^ carved 

 imitation of a toad or frog. A somewhat smaller 

 shell carving in the form of a frog is figured by 

 Holmes in a former report of the Bureau of 

 American Ethnology. 



The fragment of a shell which the author is 

 unable to identify was found at the Chevlon ruin 

 (figure 51). The figure was elongated, with two 

 lateral extensions arranged in pairs on each side, 

 and suggested a highly conventionalized animal. 

 The author has no suggestion to make in regard to its former use, 

 and only two specimens of shell carved in this 

 shape were found by him. 



Besides these more common shells, manj' speci- 

 mens of Melongena patula, Oliva angulata, and 

 Oliva biplicata or hiatula were obtained. 



The crescentic shell ornament shown in figure 52, 



which was evidently hung to some part of the 



body by the hole midway in its length, ma.v have been a 



or possibly a pendant for a 



necklace. Its form is iinique. 



In addition to the specimens 

 of sea shells which preserved 

 enough of their natural foi-m 

 to render identification possi- 

 ble, the author collected many 

 fragments of unknown relationship. It is probable that the major- 

 ity of these belong to some one of the species already mentioned. 

 Of unidentified fragments perhaps the most numerous were shell 



PiO. 50. Sbell frog 

 from Chevlon ( num- 

 ber 1.5T8331. Length 

 about li inches. 



Fig. 51. Shell object 

 from Chevlon ( num- 

 ber 1572.il). 



gorget, 



Fig. 52. Shell gorget from Chevlon (number 

 1.578.511. ) 



