100 TWO summers' work in pueblo ruins [eth. ANN. 22 



removed from the i^rave was a failure. These circles, apparently 

 made by smoke, are of unkuowu origin and use. On the largest stone 

 they are arranged in two rows, four in each row, the peripheries touch- 

 ing. The stones were inverted when found, and occurred in the cem- 

 etery at Chevlon only. 



Many graves at Chevlon and Ilomolobi were, as has been stated, 

 indicated by upright stones or flat slabs of rock. As the digging went 

 below the surface it was sometimes found that the skeleton was covered 

 by a similar flat rock, and in a limited number of cases these rocks 

 were perforated. The holes were sometimes not larger than a broom 

 handle, often capacious enough to permit the insertion of the arm, and 

 in one instance a foot or more across. Oval, round, and rectangular 

 oriflces were found, and in several cases a considerable amount of 

 labor must have been exiiended in making them. 



Slabs with the smaller circular holes were also found in the floor of 

 a room where there was an intermural burial. Explanations more or 

 less fanciful have been suggested for these perforated stones, one of 

 which was that the rock had been placed above the body and the hole 

 in it was for the escape of the soul or breath-body. The slabs were 

 found above the bodies of several deceased Homolobeans, and the 

 modern Hopi interpretation of the perforation is offered for what it is 

 worth. 



Disks 



Small disks were found in all the ruins which were studied, and 

 while these had like forms they were made of various substances, as 

 of stone, pottery, and shell. They are generally circular in form, rarely 

 perforated, and often ground on their edges. The unperforated speci- 

 mens are supposed to have been formei'ly used to cover a hole in a jar 

 in much the same way as similar fragments are now used in flower-iiots. 

 The perforated specimens were probably used in much the same way 

 as wooden disks are employed in modern pueblos, as parts of drills for 

 perforating stones, shells, or other hard substances. The specimens 

 of this problematic grouji of objects, and the localities from which 

 they were gathered, are mentioned in the appended list. 



Number Locality and material 



158056 Chaves pass; stone 



157706 Chaves jjass: red pottery 



158079 Chaves pass; red pottery 

 158078 . Chevlon; red pottery 



158080 Chevlon; red pottery 

 157963 Chevlon; stone 

 156480 Homolobi: pottery 

 157965 Kisakobi; pottery 

 158093 Little Colorado ruins 



158164 Jeditoh; shell 



158165 Jeditoh; shell 

 158060 Chaves pass; galena 

 158095 Chevlon; wood 



