SUMMER OF 1897 

 INTRODUCTION 



In eontinnation of tlie field work in Arizona in 1890, the results of 

 which have been given in the preceding pages, the author again vis- 

 ited this Territorj' in 1897, remaining about three months, from June 

 25 to September 30. 



He was accompanied, as in 189G, liy Dr Walter Hough, of the 

 National Museum, who rendered most valuable aid, and also by Mr 

 F. W. Hodge, of the Bureau of American Ethnology, who joined the 

 party at the close of July, remaining with it during the visit to the 

 Hopi Snake dances in the following month. 



He was aided also b\" Mr Frank Zuck, of Ilolbrook, Arizona, and 

 a number of 3^oung men from Taylor and Snowflake who were 

 employed at Four-mile ruin as laborers. In the Pueblo Viejo Mexi- 

 can workmen were relied on, all of whom performed their duties very 

 satisfactorily. 



The collection obtained in 1897 was smaller than that made in pre- 

 vious years, but it was more varied and more instructive in its bear- 

 ings on questions of the migrations of the prehistoric people of Arizona 

 than any other thus far made. The ethnological side of the work was 

 not neglected. Dr Hough contimred his studies of ethnologj' inaugu- 

 rated in the previous j'ears, and has already published the new mate- 

 rial obtained by him in the American Anthropologist. " 



As the author visited Tusaj'^an at the time of the Snake dances, he 

 made new observations of the Mishougnovi variant of this ceremony. 

 A record of his studies of this subject is found in the Nineteenth 

 Annual Report of the Bureau of American Ethnology, with accounts 

 of the Flute dance at the same pueblo, compiled from notes made in 

 1896. 



On his return from the Southwest the author prepared a prelim- 

 inary account of the archeological work, and it was published with 

 illustrations in the Smithsonian Report for 1897. This account was 

 limited, and contains onlj^ the more salient results of the work. The 

 present report is intended to be more complete, but is by no means 

 exhaustive. 



The primary aim of the expedition was the collecting of specimens. 

 To accomplish this the author was obliged, because of limited forces, 

 to spend much of his energy, to the neglect of other lines of investi- 



oV. 8, May, 1897. 

 120 



