124 TWO SUMMERS' WORK IX PUEBLO RUINS [eth. anx. 22 



KIXTIEL 

 The Kuix axd its Cemeteries 



Up To within a few years, especially siuce the Aiuericau occupation, 

 a ruin called Pueblo Grande has been designated on most maps of 

 Arizona and Xew Mexico. This pueblo lies about 25 miles north of 

 the railroad station of Xavajo, and ten years ago it was one of the 

 best ruins of the Southwest, approaching in the perfection of preser- 

 vation the famous ruins of the Chaco canyon. To the Xavahos who 

 range that region the ruin is known as Kintiel, or Broad house. On 

 the author's flret visit to it, ten yeare ago, the walls stood higher than 

 a man's head, and the rooms wore probably in about the condition in 

 which they were shortly after its abandonment. At present very little 

 of the ancient walls renmins, for they have been torn down by a 

 trader, who has used the stones of which they were made in 1)uilding 

 a house and store in about the center of the ruin. In fact, where the 

 foundations of the walls of this fine ruin once stood, nothing now 

 remains but a trench, for the lower courses of stones, being the largest, 

 were sought out for building material in preference to the smaller 

 stones which were placed upon them. 



The documentary history of Kintiel is a short chapter. Early 

 Spanish accounts do not mention the place, and the Spanish name 

 Pueblo Grande appears only on later maps of the country. There is 

 said, however, to be a legend concerning it among the present Zunis, 

 which is mentioned in the Fourth Annual Report of the director of 

 the Bureau of American Ethnology (1883): 



Pending the arrival of goods at Moki, he [Mr Cashing] retomed across the 

 country to Zuui, a measure . . . enabling bim to observe more minutely than on 

 former occasions the annual sun ceremonial. En rorite be discovered two ruins, 

 apparently before unvisited. both, according to Zuui tradition, belonging to the 

 Hle-etakwe. or the northwestern migration of the Bear. Crane, Frog, Deer, 

 Yellow-wood, and other gentes of the ancestral pueblo. One of these was the 

 outh-ing structure of K"in"ik'el, called by the Navajo Zinnijiune and by the Zvmi 

 Heshotapathltaie. 



It is interesting to note that all the above-mentioned Zuiii clans 

 have or had representatives in the Hopi pueblos, and that at least 

 three of them, viz. Bear, Deer, and Yellow-wood, which is probably 

 the Hopi Kokop clan, are reputed by the Walpi traditioualists to 

 have come into Tusayan from the East. Whether or not these fam- 

 ilies of eastern origin are descendants from Kintiel people is impossible 

 to say, on account of the author's unfaniiliarity with the migration 

 legends of these f articular clans. It is instructive to learn that \nt.h 

 the exception possibly of the Frog clan no Patki or Rain-cloud people 

 have yet been mentioned from Kintiel, nor do any of the traditions of 

 the Patki people mention Kintiel as their former home. 



