lyU TWO summers' WORK IN PUEBLO RUINS [eth. ann. 22 



ill which the cave was formed. Attempts to rub oti this film are evi- 

 ilent in some places; but elsewhere, as under the right eye, consider- 

 able patches remain, probably concealing sj'mbols on the right cheek. 



The head is marked off bj- a constriction representing the neck, 

 and tlie eyes, nose, mouth, chin, and ears are well represented. As is 

 generally the case with idols of stone, wood, or claj' from the pueblo 

 region, the details of the head are better represented than those of 

 the body or limbs. 



No attempt was made in this vase to represent the legs, and the 

 arms are simplj' irregular ridges, one on each side of the body. The 

 shajie of the body is irregularly globular; the base is flat. The vase 

 is of about imiform tliickness, the outlines of its cavity conforming 

 in a verj' general way with the elevations and depressions of the 

 outer surface. 



The author supposes that this vase was filled with votive offerings 

 when it was placed in the cave, and tliat in course of time its contents 

 were washed out. The nature of the offerings may be conjectured 

 from the fragments of shells, turquoises, and other objects reported 

 as strewn about the floor of the cavern. 



The short parallel lines painted with white pigment under the eyes 

 are worthy of a jjassing notice. These are the only symbols on the 

 face, and consist of a few short lines extending downward from the 

 lower eyelids. If the reader will examine the collection of Zuiii dolls 

 which are exhibited in the "Pottery Court" of the National Museum, 

 now installed, he will find one labeled Zuiii Hehea katcina," which 

 has the same markings on the cheeks as has the effigy vase from 

 the Nantacks. 



It Is instructive to note the similarities of this efflgy vase with those 

 from Casas Grandes, Mexico, and from Central America, which are so 

 close that the vase might readily be mistaken for an illustration of a 

 type fi'om northern Mexico or even Central America. 



It appears that while this vase has a form unknown in collections 

 of ancient potter}^ from ruins along the Little Colorado and its tribu- 

 taries, it is not unique in those from the Gila-Salado watershed. 



The lesson taught by the presence of this effigy vase in the Nantacks 

 and the Gila-Salado basin and the absence of similar forms north of 

 the MogoUones may be summed up in two words, "Mexican influence." 

 The distribution of this form of Mexican ceramics did not cease at 

 what is now the southern frontier of Arizona, but extended to ruins 

 along the Gila valley and its tributaries high up into the liighlands 

 to the north, where these streams rise. As far as is known, this was 

 the most northern extension of this particular f(>rm of ceramic tech- 

 nic in Arizona. Southward from this locality the relative number of 



"Hehea katcina ia a Hopi name, and the doll representing this person at Walpi has not the 

 same markings on the face as the above. The Hopi variant has parallel zigzag lines above both 

 eyes and on the cheeks. The name given above is that by which the Zuiii doll is known to the 

 Hopis. 



