192 TWO SUMMKRS' WORK IN PUEBLO KUINS [eth. ann.22 



This piece was broughl for sale by a workman, who declared that he 

 liad dug it up at San Jose. The autlior was at first inclined to believe 

 that It was not found in Pueblo A^iejo vallej', but critical examination 

 of the wire convinced him that the testimonj" of the man wlio brought 

 it could be trusted. It is made of coarse red ware, lilie other vessels 

 from this locality, and is undecoraled. It is shaped lilvc a duml)l>ell, 

 and the two parts ai-e of unequal diameter. Tlie remarkable tiling 

 about this vase is the luuuan nose aiid ears, in relief, reproduced sev- 

 eral times on- its sides. This would hardly be worthj- of special men- 

 tion were we considering the pottery of old Mexico or of some other 

 parts of the United States, but like the effigy vase above mentioned, 

 from the caves of theNantacks, it is exceptional in the pueblo region. 



One of the best specimens of clay effigies was found in an ash heap 

 at the Buena Vista ruin. It was evidently a handle of a dipper or 

 saucer, and was well made and well proportioned. 



The frequency with whicli these effigj' ceramic objects occur as we 

 go south is, as has been stated, highly suggestive. Unknown in the 

 ancient ruins of northern Arizona, tliey are not rare in the Gila valley 

 and its tributaries, and their number greatly increases when we pa.ss 

 the boundary line into the Mexican states of Sonora and Chiliuahua. 

 This is undoubtedly au advance in pottery manufacture, and, with 

 this advance a corresponding decline in the decoration of vases with 

 paintings is to be expected. 



DISTRIBUTION OF DECORATED POTTERY IN ARIZONA 



In plate lxx the author luxs tried to plot the distribution and rela- 

 tive abundance of differcjit colored pottery in the ruins studied bj- 

 him in the years 1895, 1896, and 1897. A normal line is represented 

 on one side and the relative amount of each kind of colored pottery is 

 indicated by abscissas from that norm, arising from a point repre- 

 senting the latitude of each ruin. In order to determine tlie proper 

 percent of the kind of pottery in each ruin, the number of pieces 

 obtained was counted, and the pi-oportions of those referred to 

 different coloi's were reduced to decinml fractions. In the case of red 

 ware this was only an approximation, foi- the limit of this type was 

 hard to determine. 



Certain general laws may be deduced from a study of tliis map. 

 Black and wliite ware, wliich is so prominent a feature of cliff-house 

 pottery, has a limited distribution in all the ancient pueblos south 

 of Tusayan proper. Its proportion increases in the Kintiel zone. 



Yellow ware is the cliaracfiMistic pottery of Tusayan and is limited 

 to the ruins near the inliahited Ilopi villages. It is not represented 

 at Kintiel. 



Red ware is characteristic of the Little Colorado. Red, white, and 

 black ware is not found in the north or south, but only near the 

 Little Colorado and its tril)utaries. 



