RESULTS OF EXCAVATIONS AT BUBASTIS. 155 
greatest interest in Bubastis, is Amenophis III. We dis- 
covered four monuments of the reign of this king: two of 
them are statues of the same man; unfortunately they are 
both headless. They are unequal in workmanship; one of 
them,—the largest and the finest,—is in the Boulak Museum ; 
the other is in London. They both represent a man sitting 
with crossed legs, and who unrolls on his knees a papyrus, 
on which is written his title and his employment. The man 
was “‘ prince of the first order, a friend loving his lord, chief of 
the works of his king in the provinces of the marsh land of the 
North, the chancellor and city governor, Amenophis.” The 
name of his king is found on the back; the braces which sup- 
port his garment are tied together by a brooch, on which is 
engraved the name of Amenophis III.; another statue has it 
engraved on the shoulder, as has also a very graceful torso of 
a woman, which was part of a double group of a priest and 
priestess. Thus the Highteenth dynasty is well represented 
at Bubastis,—its high officers and priests put their images in 
the temple. | Hven the heretical King Amenophis IV., or 
Khuenaten, who endeavoured to destroy the worship of 
Amon, desired his name to be at Bubastis. On a stone, 
usurped afterwards by Rameses II., we read the name of his 
god, his one cartouche having been erased. 
In what state did the Highteenth dynasty find the temple 
of Bubastis? Had it been ruined by the Hyksos? Not 
likely ; on the contrary, we have seen that Apepi raised there, 
as he says, pillars in great numbers and bronze doors. If 
it did not suffer im the wars between the Hyksos and the 
Theban princes, the temple must have been standing and 
even of a remarkable beauty when the contemporaries of 
Amenophis III. put their statues in its halls. 
Seti I., the second king of the Nineteenth dynasty, and 
the father of Rameses II., inscribed on the stone of 
Amenophis II. that “he renewed the abode of his father 
Amon.” He seems to have made some repairs to the temple. 
But with his son Rameses II. we reach a period of great 
changes, which consisted chiefly in usurpations. ‘There is no 
name which occurs so frequently in the ruins of the first three 
halls, which up to the Thirtieth dynasty constituted the 
whole building. As is the case in ‘l'anis, the local divinity 
seems to have occupied only a secondary rank; all the prin- 
cipal offerings or acts of worship take place before the great 
gods of Egypt, Amon, Phthah, called Phthah of Rameses, 
and chiefly Set, the god of the Hyksos, who had the most 
prominent place. Enormous architraves in tue second hall 
bear dedications to Set; elsewhere he is styled Set of 
