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ANTHROPOL 
OF WASHINGTON, D. © | 
OS 
ORDINARY MEETING.* 
Tur Presrpent, Sir Grorce G. Stokes, Bart., M.P., P.R.S., 
in the Chair. 
The Minutes of the last Meeting were read and confirmed, and the 
following elections were announced :— 
Mempers :—Rey. John Z. Armstrong, Ph.D., United States ; J. Brown, 
Esq., C.E., Spain. 
AssociaTEs :—Captain J. du Boulay, D.L., J.P., Salisbury; H. L. 
Reynolds, Esq., Entomological Bureau, United States. 
The following Paper was then read by the Author :— 
NOTES ON THE ETHNOLOGY AND ANCIENT 
CHRONOLOGY OF CHINA. By Surgeon-General 
C. A. Gornon, M.D., C.B., Honorary Physician to Her 
Majesty the Queen; in France, Officier de la Légion 
d’Honneur, &c., &c., &c. 
ETHNOLOGY. 
HENCE came the word China to designate the vast 
empire to which, together with its people, the following 
remarks are intended to refer? ‘The Chinese themselves have 
no such name for their Fatherland. The most ancient name 
applied in their nomenclature is Zien Hia,—that is, ‘‘ Beneath 
the Sky”; also Tien-sha, signifying “ under, or inferior only to 
heaven.” Ata later period, that of Chung Kwoh, or “ Middle 
Kingdom,” was given to the country, namely, by Cuinc- 
wAna, second monarch of the Chow dynasty, about B.C. 1150. 
The Buddhists of India called the land Chin-tan, or ‘The 
Dawn.” But the dynasty now reigning distinguishes the 
country by the name of Ta Tsing Kwoh,—that is, “ Great Pure 
Kingdom.” + Whether the Sixim{ of the prophet Isaiah, 
* April 15, 1889. + Williams, vol. i., p. 2, et seq. 
t Chap. xlix. 12. 
VOL. XXIII. N 
