214 PROF. T. M’KENNY HUGHES, M.A. 
that saurians would score bones in the manner the Professor has 
described. I think the evidence of the marks is very good indeed, 
and I should be more disposed to attribute them to that cause, 
which is constantly acting even in the present day among the 
larger crocodiles, sharks, &c., than to any other. As to Professor 
Hughes’ reference in the title of his paper to the antiquity of man, 
perhaps he does not intend to imply that all these evidences, even if 
proved to correspond with the existence of man, would be any real 
evidence as to his antiquity. We have heard much of the remains 
of man in the gravel deposits, but such deposits may be brought 
about in short time. We all know what water is when once set in 
motion by upheaval from the bottom of the sea, such as at Krakatoa, 
producing gigantic effects even to the moving of rocks 200 tons in 
weight. Of the suddenness of some of its effects we have evidence 
also in the sandstone, where fish have been suddenly overwhelmed 
without any disruption, every scale being perfect; and they may be 
now examined in the sandstone-rock in the order in which they swam. 
Darwin has alluded to evidences of the sudden upheaval of the 
Andes in America, and this may have brought about a sudden 
catastrophe such as may have produced that flood of which we find 
traditions in various parts of the world. 
Professor T. Rupert Jonzs, F.R.S.—I ought to make no remarks 
at all or else a great many. At all events, I will thank Professor 
Hughes for bringing forward this instance of the necessity for caution. 
It is a very good pleading that one should be very careful indeed 
in coming to conclusions. But I hope I do not understand the last 
speaker as having any particular objection to hearing anything 
about the antiquity of man (hear). It seems to me it is a 
question we should investigate, and avoid treating in any senti- 
mental manner, as some do. Our friend, Professor Hughes, I think 
does not take the view that the antiquity of man should be put 
down or reduced to a minimum. We do not wish to make it of 
incalculable extent ; but so far as the evidence will take us let us 
go. With what.our friend has noticed I really have nothing to find 
fault with, excepting perhaps that he has not made his own case 
quite so strong as, if he had had time, he could have made it. He 
could have brought forward other matters; for instance, that very 
curious set of bones in the peat of Ireland which are scored, and 
apparently cut, and chiselled, and notched ; and yet this was the 
effect of the sharp edge of a limb bone, lying across another bone or 
an antler of the gigantic deer in Ireland. From the tremor of the 
