230 W. F. KIRBY, F.E.S. 
colour. It should, of course, be mentioned that the Danaine, 
as is usually the case in such instances, is a group which is 
protected from some of its enemies by the toughness of its 
integuments and its disagreeable smell. 
Among the Skippers (Hesperiide) the West African Ismene 
Iphis (one of the largest of the family) and a few allied 
species may be mentioned. Thereare also one or two genera 
such as Leucochitonea, which are peculiar to Africa. 
Turning to the moths, I have only time to allude to a few, 
for they are far more numerous than the butterflies, and are 
much less known at present. Among the Sphingide, the 
peculiar dull green species of Nephele are rather numerous, 
more so than in India, though the genus is likewise repre- 
sented there. One or two wide-ranging and probably more 
or less migratory species which are common throughout the 
warmer regions of the Old World are found all over Africa, 
such as Acherontia Atropos and Daphnis Nerii. 
Two of the most beautiful moths in the world, Chrysiridia 
Rhipheus and C. Cresas, are natives of Madagascar and Hast 
Africa respectively ; and their nearest allies, though not very 
closely related, are species of Urania which inhabit the West 
Indies and Tropical America. A smaller form of Chrysiridia 
is said to have been taken in St. Helena; but this is very 
doubtful, and if the genus ever occurred there it has probably 
long been extinct. The small family, Uraniide, to which this 
genus belongs, is of doubtful position, and was originally 
referred to the butterflies ; now, however, it is generally con- 
sidered to be allied to the Geometride. 
In the Zygeenide: several beautiful species of Huchromia, a 
genus which likewise occurs in India, are common, as well as 
transparent-winged species allied to our Huropean Zygena 
Phegea, but smaller. There are several species of Burnets 
(Anthrocera) in South Africa, very similar to our Huropean 
Burnets, but, although ours are gregarious, and if you take 
one you can take any quantity, they are scarce in South Africa, 
and are still very imperfectly known. It appears that at 
some period or other, these Burnets, like the Pseudonymphe, 
the African representatives of Hrebia, must have found their 
way to Southern Africa, where they are now isolated. In 
America, too, isolated species of butterflies and moths which 
resemble northern forms occur in Chili. Burnets are abundant 
round the Mediterranean, but I believe that none occur in 
Equatorial Africa. 
There are many other beautiful species of day-flying moths 
belonging to genera characteristic of or peculiar to Africa, 
such as Husemia, Pheegorista, Aletis, &c.; but I will now 
