ON THE FACTORS OF EVOLUTION IN LANGUAGE. 247 
This criticism is just when we take thought, cogitare, in the wide 
sense in which Descartes usesit. “ Qu’est-ce qu’une chose qui pense ? 
C’est une chose qui doute, qui entend, qui congoit, qui affirme, qui 
nie, qui veut, qui ne veut pas, qui imagine aussi, et qui sent” 
(Méditations, ed. Cousin, vol. 1., p. 253). But why should we not 
distinguish real thought, Jogos, from perception and imagination ? 
Perception and imagination are very valuable, they are the sine quad 
non of actual thought,—at least, with human beings. But why not 
keep them apart from thought, which deals, not with perception and 
unages only, but with conceptual words ? 
Il. Page 242.—From “It occurs” to end of paragraph. 
I do not assert or deny anything about the intelligence of animals. 
Iam simply an Agnostic. It is different with the minds of other 
men, for [ know them, not by analogy only, but by the communi- 
cation of language. To judge from Plutarch, A‘lian, and others, 
animals must have been much cleverer in ancient times than 
they are now. 
III. Page 243, first seven lines. 
I admitted the possibility of percepts without sees 
names, because Mr. Galton asserted that he possessed some speci- 
mens of such concepts, and I did not like to contradict his inner 
consciousness. But, for myself, I deny their possibility. We have 
only to try to become conscious of any percept,—ask ourselves what 
we perceive,—and we can only answer by a conceptual name. 
Helmholtz has come to the same conclusion. 
IV. Page 243, last twelve lines. 
TI look upon the composite photographs, or recepts, as Mr. 
Romanes calls them, as spurious metaphors. I should lke to see a 
composite photograph of a blood-hound, greyhound, dachshund, and 
spaniel. No mind ever harboured such a monster. 
The meeting was then adjourned. 
THE AUTHOR IN REPLY. 
In reply to Prof. Max Miiller’s last remark, I do not think sucha 
concept as that of the species dog, including such unlike varieties 
as the greyhound and the spaniel, can have been formed by any 
process like the formation of composite photographs ; it must have 
