294: REV. J. MAGENS MELLO, M.A., F.G.S., ETC. 
places, and thus such foundries as those in the Rhone Valley, 
in Germany, and in Great Britain wouid be established for 
the repair of broken objects or the casting of new ones. 
As to the actual origin of metallurgy we can, as has been 
seen, only obtain faint indications, which are almost lost in 
the obscurity of ages still more remote than those in which 
the Neolithic men of Hurope learned to beat the copper into 
shape and to smelt its ores, and mould the alloyed copper 
and tin into those varied and graceful forms which charac- 
terise the Bronze age of human civilisation. 
The Presipent (Sir G. Stokes, Bart., M.P., P-R.S.).—I am sure 
all present will join in thanking Mr. Mello for his most interesting 
paper. I now invite discussion upon it. 
Major T. A. Freeman.—May I ask Mr. Mello whether I am to 
understand, by what he says at the bottom of page 287—‘‘ both 
the ancient Egyptians, the Greeks, and the Etruscans of Italy 
used lead in making their bronze, as did also the Romans,”— 
that they used both lead and tin; or that the tin was supplanted by 
the lead ? 
The AurHor.—As far as I know, tin was used as well as lead. 
The two metals were used together, to the best of my belief. I am 
not perfectly certain about it, but believe so. 
Mr. J. Aten Brown (F.G.S., F.R.G.S.,. &e.).—Mr. President : 
When the Institute was good enough to send me a proof copy of 
this excellent paper, with the suggestion that I should append to it 
any notes relating to the subject, I found that it gave me an 
opportunity of throwing, possibly, a little light upon the origin of 
the earliest people who wrought in copper. JI will endeavour 
to explain what I mean.—It is worthy of notice, as showing 
the Hastern origin of the early workers in copper and bronze, 
that, associated with the metal objects discovered by MM. H. 
and L. Siret in the pre-historic stations between Carthagena and 
Almeria, and figured and described by them in their elaborate work, 
Les premiers Ages du Métal dans le Sud-Est de l’ Espagne,* are, in 
addition to polished celts, &c., some diminutive stone implements 
* “ Anvers, 1887. Ouvrage Couronné au Concours MARTORELL de 
Barcelona (Prix 20,000 francs), et ayant obtenu une médaille dor a 
YExposition Universelle de Toulouse de 1887.”—Copy in British Museum 
(press mark 1703 A 21 & 1703 c 9).—Eb. 
