THE DAWN OF METALLURGY. 303 
carried it from East to West ; and possibly these implements, which 
no one seems to know exactly what they were used for, would be im- 
plements used by these men from India, whoever they may have — 
been, whether tinkers or men of a more highly skilled nature ; but it 
would be extremely interesting if we could discover their use. 
Some have suggested they were used for tattooing. 
Mr. J. Auten Brown.—lI find no tattooing in India at present, 
even among the Hill tribes; but it does not follow that it might 
not be so. 
The Presipent.—Our thanks have already been accorded to Mr. 
Mello, but I think we should also offer them to Mr. Allen Brown 
and Mr. Charlesworth, and, indeed, to all the speakers, for their 
important contributions to the discussion on Mr. Mello’s elaborate 
and interesting paper (cheers). 
The meeting was then adjourned. 
REMARKS ON THE FOREGOING PAPER. 
Proressor A. H. Sayce, LL.D., has written as follows :— 
“So far as the Accadians are concerned, we only know that they 
were the earlier inhabitants of Babylonia before the arrival of the 
Semites ; that Sargon of Accad, the founder of the first Semitie 
Empire there, lived B.C, 3800. It is probable that the Accadians 
belonged to the Mongolian race, but only probable. Direct evidence 
is still wanting. Their language was agglutinative, and seemed to 
represent an early form of Turko-Tartar speech.” 
Masor C. R. Conver, R.E., writes :— 
“T think the conclusions that metallurgy and knowledge of 
bronze existed first among the Turanians of Central Asia, who were 
settled when the Aryans and Semites were nomads, will be gene- 
rally admitted. The use of tin and other metals can, among them, 
be traced to an earlier date than any mentioned in this paper. 
Akkadian is thought to have become obsolete by 1500 B.C., yet we 
have in Akkadian texts notice of tin, anna, copper, wrud , lead, 
abar ; gold, guskin ; silver, azag ; iron (anbar ?); and bronze, zabar. 
One hymn specially speaks of bronze as a mixture of copper and 
tin, and as this text is bilingual, no doubt exists as to the 
meaning. 
“The Akkadian word anna, for ‘tin,’ appears still to survive in 
the Hungarian language as 6m, and in Armenian as anak, The 
