MORLBi] INTRODUCTION TO STUDY OF MAYA HIEROGLYPHS 101 



The head for 13 is shown in figure 52, w-V. Only the first of these 

 forms, w, however, is built on the 10 + 3 basis. Here we see the char- 

 acteristic 3 head with its banded headdress or fillet (compare Ti and 

 i, fig. 51), to which has been added the essential element of the 10 

 head, the fleshless lower jaw, the combination of the two giving the 

 head for 13. The other form for 13 seems to be a special character, 

 and not a composition of the essential elements of the heads for 3 and 

 10, as in the preceding example. This form of the 13 head (fig. 52, 

 x-h') is grotesque. It seems to be characterized by its long pendulous 

 nose surmounted by a curl (*), its large bulging eye (**), and ^ -^ 

 •£) ^^ a curl (t) or fang (ft) protruding from the back part * ** 

 t tt of the mouth. Occurrences of the fii'st type — the composite 

 head — are very rare, there being only two examples of this kind 

 known in all the inscriptions. The form given in w is from the Temple 

 of the Cross at Palenque, and the other is on the Hieroglyphic Stair- 

 way at Copan. The individual type, havmg the pendulous nose, 

 bulgmg eye, and mouth curl is by far the more frequent. 



The head for 14 (fig. 53, a) is found but once — in the inscriptions on 

 the west side of Stela F at Quhigua. It has the fleshless lower jaw 

 denotmg 10, while the rest of the head shows the characteristics of 

 4 — the bulging eye and snaglike tooth (compare fig. 51, j-m). The 

 curl protruding from the back part of the mouth is wanting because 

 the whole lower part of the 4 head has been replaced by the fleshless 

 lower jaw. 



The head for 15 (fig. 53, h-e) is composed of the essential element of 

 the 5 head (the tun sign; see fig. 51, n-s) and the fleshless lower jaw 

 of the head for 10. 



The head for 16 (fig. 53,/-^) is characterized by the fleshless lower 

 jaw and the hatchet eye of the 6 head. Compare figures 51, t-v, and 

 52, m-r, which together form 16 (10 + 6). 



The head for 17 (fig. 53, j-^m) is composed of the essential element 

 of the 7 head (the scroll projecting above the nose; see fig. 51, w) and 

 the fleshless lower jaw of the head for 10. 



The head for 18 (fig. 53, n-q) has the characteristic forehead 

 ornament of the 8 head (compare fig. '52, a-f) and the fleshless lower 

 jaw denoting 10. 



Only one example (fig. 53, r) of the 19 head has been found m the 

 inscriptions. This occurs on the Temple of the Cross at Palenque 

 and seems to be formed regularly, both the dots of the 9 head and the 

 fleshless lower jaw of the 10 head appearmg. 



The head for (zero), figure 53, s-w, is always to be distmguished by 

 the hand clasping the lower part of the face (*). In this sign ^^^ 

 for zero, the hand probably represents the idea "ending" or * 

 "closing," just as it seems to have done in the ending signs used with 



