524 Mr. Gray's Repli/ to Mr. Swainson. 



nomenclature, placed as it is under a distinct head, may be re- 

 garded as equivalent to a modern species. By Gmelin it is referred 

 to as his type species, the figure of Chemnitz being curiously 

 enough cited as the variety ; and it is also quoted by Lamarck as 

 his Melania amarula, (with the character of which," spira exserta," 

 it does not agree,) the figure of Lister which actually represents 

 this species being overlooked. Thus, of the four writers whose 

 authorities 1 am reproached with having opposed, two do not 

 quote the figure in question ; Chemnitz, I am justified in regard- 

 ing as concurring in the opinion which 1 have advanced ; and the 

 other two appear to have referred to it inadvertently, one having 

 regarded the species to which it belongs as a mere variety, and 

 the other having quoted it as representing a species with his own 

 character of which it does not accord. 



In reply to the second statement, it will be sufficient to offer 

 the following synonyina, which, after the most careful examination, 

 appear to me to refer to the Melania setosa, Szc.^ which it is as- 

 sumed " has never been described or publicly recorded" 



Buccinum aculeatum. Lister^ Mantissa^ t. 1055, f. 8. 



Buccinum fluviatile, spira prima satis elongata, mucrone acu- 

 leis coronato ; ore lato integro, repando, costisquestriatis eminen- 

 tibus exasperatis : colore puUo-nigricante. Gualt. Ind. t. 6, f. B. 



Pabstkrone des flussen Wasser, mit weiter mundung gerrant, 

 &c. Martini Berl. Mag. iv. 292. 



Thiara fluviatile ventrue et epineuse. Buccinum fluviatile ven- 

 tricosum, longis aculeis raris et spinis exasperatum ; apertura mag- 

 na Integra ; colore corneo peJlucido. Favart. Diet. iii. 377. 



Thiara fauve, rare, de figure courte et renflee, tres grande, 

 ayant dix sept lignes de long sur un pouce de large. Favanne 

 Cat. 133. p. 23. 



Varietas notabilis thiaras fluviatilis, testa, ventricosiore, clavi- 

 cula breviore. Chemnitz ix. p. 1 59. 



Spirilla spinosa. lliitnphreijs. 



Helix amarula. /3. Gmelin^ 3656. 



Helix amarula. 2. Turton Syst. Nat. iv. 535. 



Helix amarula. Var. Dillw. Rec. Shells, ix. 961. 



Melania setosa. Szcainsorij Journal of Science. 



