JEWISH, PH@NICIAN, AND- EARLY GREEK ART, BTC. a 
THE AUTHOR'S REPLY. 
I wisu here to express my thanks to Mr, Cadman Jones for his kindness 
in undertaking to read the foregoing paper in my unavoidable absence—an 
absence which I very much regretted. I have also to thank the speakers 
who were so good as to give their valuable criticisms, for the most part 
favourable. The able and learned remarks of Mr. Trelawny Saunders throw 
much additional light upon an interesting subject ; and upon the whole 
I am glad now, after reading the discussion, to be able to say that one of my 
chief objects in writing has been served: it was, as I have stated, “ to try to 
direct the attention of others, better qualified than I can pretend to be, to 
matters which, in my opinion, are of no small importance, especially for 
Biblical students.” 
One or two of the points raised I wish very briefly to notice. Mr. Trelawny 
Saunders says: “The paper, upon the whole, leads us to look upon the 
Pheenicians as if they were almost the prime movers in the civilisation of the 
world.” This was not my idea. My purpose was to show that they were 
the propagators of the principles of ancient art and architecture. I have 
said that they were to a large extent devoid of the creative or inventive 
faculty (see p. 34). They adopted and improved upon what they saw. They 
borrowed freely ‘‘from both Egypt and Assyria” (p. 40), and then, by their 
wide commercial relations, they communicated what they had thus obtained 
to Greece and Europe. 
I entirely agree with Mr. Trelawny Saunders that the original centre from 
which all real knowledge sprang was Chaldea, or Mesopotamia, and that from 
that centre it was carried eastward as well as westward. But the eastern 
development was, in my opinion, very different from the western. The 
former was largely speculative,—I might perhaps call it metaphysical,—as 
shown in the sacred books of India and China. The latter, on the other 
hand, was more practical, and this was propagated by the Pheenicians. It 
tended to develope architecture and art, more especially in their relation to 
what was useful and profitable. 
When I say that the religion of the Jews was purely spiritual (p. 28), as 
distinguished from the gross materialism of heathen nations in general, I 
refer not to the popular religion of the Jews in old times, which was 
generally corrupt, but exclusively to the religion of the Bible, the pure 
Revelation of God, and I quote in proof the Divine command. 
Mr. St. Chad Boscawen thinks it strange I did not refer to the examples 
of Phoenician art in the tombs of Egypt. My only reply is, my paper was « 
mere outline, from which I was compelled to exclude many other most 
