300 



NOTE ON TEETH AND BONES, AND ON FLINT 

 IMPLEMENTS. 



Prof. Dawkins has been so kind as to examine in a preliminary manner 

 the specimens of teeth, &c., collected, and has authorised me to state that 

 the breccia from the Pass of Nahr-el-Kelb contains remains of Rhinoceros 

 (probably B. tichorhinus), Gervug, Bos, and Equus. In the earth of the 

 probably more modern cave of Ant Elias are teeth of the hog, and of the 

 goat or sheep, and an antler of the roe-deer. These facts are sufficient to 

 indicate the earlier date of the Nahr-el-Kelb caverns, as stated above ; but 

 more detailed examination of the fragments of breccia collected will, no 

 doubt, develope other points of interest. It is to be observed here that at 

 the Nahr-el-Kelb Eiver, Lartet has found a rock shelter which contains 

 remains similar to those of Ant Elias, but these have not yet been found 

 in connexion with the old caverns at the Pass. 



In the breccia of Nahr-el-Kelb there are large and small knives of the 

 ordinary form, curved flakes roughly chipped at one side, triangular flakes 

 chipped at the edges (Pis. II. and III.), and a flake with the point rounded, 

 and slightly chipped as if for a scraper. There are also remains of cores, 

 and many minute chips, indicating that implements were made on the spot. 

 No large implements of the Paheolithic type were observed. No charcoal 

 was noticed, but a few of the fragments of bone have a brown coloui", as if 

 from exposure to fire. Some of the flint knives are perfectly fresh on their 

 surfaces, others are much whitened and decayed. , 



In Plate III. I have represented some additional flint implements worked 

 out from the breccia of the Nahr-el-Kelb Pass. Fig. 1 is a knife or scraper 

 partly embedded in the breccia. One side has been shaped by fine chipping, 

 or perhaps worn by use in scraping. Fig. 2 is part of a large flake, which 

 may originally have been a spear or lance, but has been much worn at one 

 side by use as a knife or scraper. Fig. 3 is a flake, which has had a curved 

 notch chipped in one'^end, and the upper side chipped by use. Fig. 4 is a 

 rough one-edged knife, much worn and chipped. Fig. 5 may possibly have 

 been the end of a spear or arrow. Besides these there was found in a mass of 

 the breccia a fragment of a stone hammer of diorite, broken by use. It 

 may have been a naturally smoothed stone, or may have been artificially 

 polished. As this kind of stone is not found at the locality, it may have 

 been brought from some distance. It was reduced to a very fragile condition 

 by decay of its felspar. There was also found in the breccia a fragment of 

 crystalline alabaster, which may have been employed in the manufacture of 

 ornaments, but no carvings or ornaments were observed. 



