Dec. 28, 1916. FisHes oF PANAMA— MEEK AND HILDEBRAND. 229 
also subject to a flow of water in opposite directions for a few miles 
above its mouth. The water, however, is fresh, as the back water 
entering it is the fresh water from the main stream which is being held 
back by the onrush of the tide. This stream too is rocky above the 
head of tide and its fish fauna is quite rich in species but not in 
quantity. 
Time did not permit us to follow the course of the main stream 
beyond the mouth of the Calobre. It would at any rate at the time 
have been impossible for us to explore the upper tributaries of the 
Bayano, as they lie within the San Blas region controlled by the hostile 
San Blas Indians, who do not permit a white man to enter their terri- 
tory. These streams must, therefore, remain unexplored until these 
Indians learn that the white man is not their enemy. 
The fish fauna of the Rio Bayano Basin is essentially that of the 
Rio Tuyra. The following species were obtained by us in the Rio 
Bayano Basin: Family Siluride; Pimelodella chagrest, Rhamdia wagnert: 
Family Loricariide; Chetostomus fischeri, Ancistrus spinosus sp. nov., 
Oxyloricaria citurensis, Oxyloricaria panamensis: Family Characide; 
Astyanax ruberrimus, Astyanax fasciatus, Bryconamericus emperador, 
Brycon argenteus, Brycon striatulus, Gephyrocharax atricaudata, Curi- 
matus magdalene, Hoplias microlepis, Luciocharax beani, Piabucina 
panamensis, Pseudocheirodon affinis gen. et sp. nov., Compsura gorgone, 
Reboides occidentalis sp. nov., Thoracocharax ssncadledees: Family Gymno- 
tide; Hypopomus brevirostris: Family Paciliide; Gambusia episcopt, 
Mollienisia sphenops, Priapichthys dariensis, Priapichthys tridentiger: 
Family Mugilide; Agonostomus monticola: Family Cichlide; Aiquidens 
ceruleopunctatus, Cichlasoma calobrense, Cichlasoma tuyrense, Geophagus 
crassilabris: Family Gobiide; Awaous transandeanus, Dormitator latifrons, 
Hemieleotris latifasciatus, Eleotris pictus, and Philypnus maculatus. 
The following species of more northern distribution reach their 
southernmost limit in the Rio Bayano; Piabucina panamensis, Gambusia 
episcopt, Priapichthys tridentiger, Agonostomus monticola, Joturus 
pichardi* and Hemieleotris latifasciatus. The following species 
are not known north of this river basin; Chetostomus fischeri, Ancistrus 
spinosus sp. nov., Loricaria variegatus,t Oxyloricaria citurensis, Oxylori- 
caria panamensis, Cichlasoma calobrense and Cichlasoma tuyrense. 
Plecostomus plecostomus, although found on both slopes of Panama and 
northern South America, is not recorded from the Rio Bayano, and was 
- not taken in this river by us, but it doubtless occurs there. According 
ies was not taken by us, but it is recorded from the Rio Bayano by 
bert under the name Joturus stipes. 
Saeed meee fp dra A HM 
