Dec. 28, 1916. Fishes or PANAMA— MEEK AND HILDEBRAND. 317 
are from brackish water on the Atlantic coast. We havea single female 
specimen from brackish water from the Pacific coast, which we doubtfully 
refer to this species. 
Habitat: Southern Mexico south to Panama. 
55. Gambusia episcopi Steindachner. 
Gambusia episcopi Steindachner, Sitzb. K. Ak. Wiss. Wien, LXXVII, 
1878, 387, Pl. II, figs. 3 & 4 (Obispo, Panama); Jordan & Evermann, 
Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., XLVII, 1896, 683 (Ditches on the Isth- 
mus of Panama, Obispo Station); Garman, Mem. Mus. Comp. 
Zool., XIX, 1895, 88 (Panama Railroad between Gorgona and 
Matachin); Regan, Biol. Cent. Amer., Pisces, 1907, 96. 
Gambusia latipunctata Meek & Hildebrand, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. 
Pub., Zool. Ser., X, 1913, 87 (Araijan, Panama). 
Head 3.1 to 3.5; depth 3.2 to 4.1; D. 80rg; A.9 or 10; scales 26 to 28. 
Body rather robust; profile from snout to nape straight, from nape 
to dorsal slightly convex; head flat above; snout rather short 3.2 to 4 
in head; eye 3 to 3.7; interorbital 2 to 2.6; mouth moderate, the cleft 
reaching about half the distance to eye; teeth in the jaws pointed, in 
bands, the outer ones scarcely enlarged; scales large, cycloid, extending 
forward to eyes, 6 longitudinal rows between anterior part of base of 
dorsal and base of anal; caudal peduncle strongly compressed, its least 
depth, 1.15 to 1.6 in head; origin of dorsal in female over middle of base 
of anal, or slightly anterior to this point, and somewhat nearer anterior 
margin of eye than tip of caudal; in the adult male the origin of the 
dorsal is a little nearer end of snout than tip of caudal; caudal fin 
rounded; anal fin in female usually inserted a little nearer end of snout 
than tip of caudal, the anterior rays scarcely produced; in the adult 
male the origin of the anal is slightly nearer base of caudal than end of 
snout, the modified portion of anal failing to reach base of caudal by 
about the length of postorbital part of head, equal to or a little longer 
than head, 3.4 to 3.85 in length of body, the apex scarcely bent backward, 
no hooks, the two branches of the second ray and the third ray of about 
equal length and the anterior ray only slightly shorter than the second 
and third; ventral fins rather small, reaching vent in female, reaching 
to or past origin of anal in male; pectoral fins reaching slightly past base 
of ventral, 1.3 to 1.55 in head. 
Color rather variable, apparently depending largely upon the clear- 
ness of the water in which they live. The sexes similarly colored, 
olivaceous, with dusky punctulations, which are mostly on the skin 
underneath the scales, making it appear as if the scales were margined 
with dark; this dark coloration is much more prominent on some in- 
