Dec. 28, 1916. FisHes of PANAMA— MEEK AND HILDEBRAND. 337 
Joturus stipes Jordan & Gilbert, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., V, 1882, 373 (Rio 
Bayano, Panama). 
Xenorhynchichthys stipes Regan, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist., Ser. 8, II, 
1908, 461 (Rio Iroquois, Costa Rica). 
Head 4 to 4.27; depth 3.2 to 3.9; D. IV-I, 9; A. II, 11; scales 43 to 45. 
Body elongate, compressed; the dorsal region somewhat elevated; 
profile from snout to first dorsal evenly convex; head rather low and 
broad; snout conical, projecting beyond upper lip, 2.75 to 3.4 in head; 
eye small, 4 to 6.5; interorbital broad, 1.93 to 2.7; mouth moderate, 
horizontal, inferior; lower jaw included; maxillary reaching about to 
vertical from middle of eye, 2.3 to 3.1 in head; teeth in the jaws com- 
pressed, with serrate margins, those of the upper jaw in a narrow, con- 
tinuous band, those of the lower jaw in 2 lateral patches, not meeting 
anteriorly; vomerine teeth in a transverse patch; palatine teeth minute, 
in a very narrow band; pterygoid teeth, if present, very minute; gill- 
rakers short, about 30 below angle on first arch; scales large, ctenoid, 
extending forward to nostrils, 12 to 14 longitudinal rows between base 
of second dorsal and anal; origin of first dorsal a little nearer base of last 
ray of second dorsal than tip of snout, the spines notably compressed, 
the first one reaching slightly past tip of the second when deflexed, 
equal to about two-thirds length of head; second dorsal, caudal and 
anal mostly covered with small scales; origin of second dorsal somewhat 
nearer origin of first than base of caudal, its outer margin concave; 
caudal fin forked, the lobes of about equal length; anal fin similar to 
second dorsal, its origin under or slightly in advance of origin of second 
dorsal, and about midway between base of ventrals and base of caudal; 
ventral fins inserted under middle of pectorals, about midway between 
tip of snout and origin of anal; pectoral fins somewhat longer than 
ventrals, 1.1 to 1.3 in head. 
Color in life, of a specimen about 200 mm. in length, very dark 
green above, with the base of scales green and the margin black; sides 
lighter green with the margin of the scales brown; pale below. Dorsal 
fins black at base with broad yellowish green margins; caudal and anal 
black at base, otherwise irregularly blotched with black and yellow; 
ventrals and pectorals dark at base and yellowish at tips. The young 
have two oblique bars on each lobe of the caudal and two similar ones 
on second dorsal andanal. In large examples these markings completely 
disappear. 
We have 26 specimens of this species, ranging from 150 to 460 mm. 
in length. Most of our specimens were taken by a discharge of dyna- 
mite below a waterfall near the mouth of the Rio Indio, a tributary of 
the Upper Chagres. The others were taken by natives with hook and 
