Dec. 28, 1916. FisHes oF PANAMA— MEEK AND HILDEBRAND. 339 
Body robust, compressed; mouth small, the premaxillary not greatly 
protractile; gill-rakers minute; margin of lower lip free at sides; teeth 
conical, none of them canine-like; anal spines 3; upper portion of 
anterior gill-arch without a lamelliform lobe. 
This genus contains a large number of species which inhabit the 
waters of South America, one species only occurring as far north as 
Panama. 
72. /Equidens cceruleopunctatus (Kner & Steindachner). 
Acara ceruleopunctata Kner & Steindachner, Sitzungsb. K. Bayer. Ak. 
Wiss. Manchen, 1863, 222, and Abhandl. K. Bayer. Ak. Wiss. 
Mianchen, X, 1864, 16, Pl. II, fig. 3 (Rio Chagres, Isthmus of 
Panama); Ginther, Trans. Zool. Soc. London, VI, 1869, 449 (Rio 
Chagres); Steindachner, Denkschr. K. Ak. Wiss Wien, XLI, 1880, 
56 (Rio Cauca); Regan, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist., Ser. 7, XV, 
1905, 336, and Biol. Cent. Amer., Pisces, 1906, 16 (Rio Chagres, 
Panama; N. W. Ecuador). 
Aiquidens ceruleopunctatus Eigenmann & Bray, Ann. N. Y. Ac. Sci., 
VII, 1894, 616; Jordan & Evermann, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., XLVII, 
1898, 1514. 
Head 2.6 to 2.78; depth 2 to 2.3; D. XIV or XV, 9 to 11; A. III, 
7 or 8. 
Body robust; anterior profile strongly convex; head short and heavy; 
snout blunt, 2.53 to 3.8 in head; eye 3 to 4.45; interorbital much 
broader than eye, except in very young; preorbital broader than eye in 
large examples, but notably narrower than eye in young; mouth ter- 
minal, rather small; the maxillary failing to reach eye, 3.1 to 3.8 in head; 
lips not thickened, the margin of lower lip free at sides only; teeth in the 
jaws conical, forming a band in each jaw; gill-membranes broadly con- 
nected across isthmus; gill-rakers short, about 8 on lower arm of first 
arch; lateral line interrupted under anterior rays of soft portion of dorsal, 
reappearing on third row below its original course; scales rather large, 
cycloid, 134 to 2 rows between lateral line and middle of base of dorsal; 
dorsal fin long, its origin over posterior margin of opercle, the spines 
rather short and strong, the last one 2.2 to 3.3 in head, the soft portion 
much elevated in large examples, the produced rays often reaching nearly 
to tip of caudal, none of the rays much produced in the young and not 
reaching far beyond base of caudal; caudal fin scaly at base, its margin 
convex; anal fin with 3 strong spines, the soft portion similar to that of 
dorsal; ventral fins inserted a little behind base of pectorals, reaching 
origin of anal in young, a few of the rays produced in adult reaching oppo- 
site the soft portion of anal; pectoral fins rather long, .97 to 1.15 in head. 
