340 Fretp Museum or Naturat History — Zoétocy, Vor. X. 
Color in life of a large example: Back bluish black, pale brownish 
below; sides with 4 indistinct cross-bars, a dark blotch on sides below 
last half of spinous portion of dorsal; cheeks with 2 distinct blue-green 
lines and numerous spots of the same color; these spots are also present 
on sides and breast; base of caudal with a large black spot. Dorsal fin 
bluish black, the soft rays with a tinge of deep red and with a yellow 
margin; caudal fin reddish blue with darker spots; anal fin dark blue, 
the last rays reddish at tips; ventral fins slate; pectorals greenish. The 
dark cross-bars on sides more numerous and more distinct in young. 
Cheeks, sides and chest without blue-green lines or spots; fins all paler 
and without red. 
Considerable variation in color is evident among our specimens. 
Individuals taken in muddy streams are much duller, and do not possess 
any blue-green lines and spots. 
Of this species there are numerous specimens in the present col- 
lection, ranging in length from 25 to157mm. One ofthe most abundant 
species in the streams of Panama, occurring on both slopes, from tide 
water to the highest mountain streams. 
Habitat: Both slopes of Panama and south to Colombia, and 
Ecuador. 
46. Genus Geophagus Heckel. 
Geophagus Heckel, Ann. Wiener Mus., II, 1840, 383 (type Geophagus 
altifrons Heckel=Sparus surinamensis Bloch). 
Satanoperca Ginther, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus., IV, 1862, 312 (type Geopha- 
gus acuticeps Heckel). 
Body oblong, compressed; mouth moderate; jaws with conical 
teeth; premaxillary moderately protractile; outer gill-arch with a com- 
pressed lamelliform lobe above, gill-rakers at or near its margin; margin 
of lower lip not free at its middle; caudal fin emarginate to slightly 
forked; anal spines 3. 
One species of this genus is known to occur in Panama, its range not 
extending northward far beyond the Canal Zone. 
73. Geophagus crassilabris Steindachner. 
Geophagus (Satanoperca) crassilabris Steindachner, Sitzb. K. Ak. 
Wiss. Wien, LXXIV, 1876, 65, Pl. VII (Vicinity of Candelaria, 
Isthmus of Panama). 
Satanoperca crassilabris Jordan & Evermann, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 
XLVII, 1898, 1542. 
Geophagus crassilabris Pellegrin, Etude Pois. Fam. Cichlidés, Lille, 1904, 
160 (Isthmus of Panama); Regan, Biol. Cent. Amer., Pisces, 1906, 16. 
