THE EELlGIOrS IDEAS OF THE BABYLONIANS. 15 



(Aiklu-iwsir), aud is called upon to protect the king [Addu- 

 san-a-usw) ; he Av^as also a comforter (Fasihu-Addn) and a 

 healer (^Addu-rapa). As god of the lightning he could shine 

 (Addu-unammir), and as Rammanu (Kimmon), Ramimu, or 

 liagimu, he was "the tlnmderer," a name ^vhich is also 

 reflected in the Akkadian >->^ ^ '"^Idf ^<^« ]•, Utu-gude, " the 

 Simgod proclaimer." In a list giving over 40 names for this 

 god we see that he was likewise called Adad, and that Addu 

 and Dadu * were his Amorite (Phoenician) appellations. On 

 the tablet K. 100 he is called " chief of heaven and earth, 

 lord of wind and lightning, .... giver of food to the beast 

 of the field." It is not improbable that the god >->f- lg[, Mu?', 

 is to be identified Avitli Rimmon or Hadad. His name is 

 found in the following : Mur-dha-iddina, " M. has given a 

 brother;" Mu7'-zera-ibni, " j\I. has created seed;" Mur- 

 Simdnni, " Mur, hear me ;" &c. 



The West-Semitic deity Ben-Hadad, " the son of Hadad," 

 was imported into Babylonia as Abil-Addu. The following 

 names are found containing his name : Ahil-Addu-natanii 

 (Ben-Hadad-nathan), " The son of Hadad has given,'' A hil- 

 Addu-amavi, "The son of Hadad has spoken," and Kulhun- 

 ki-Abil-Addii, " He is revealed like the son of Hadad.'' Abil- 

 Addu is naturally quite a late importation into Babylonia. 



Considering the importance of the deity, it is remarkable 

 how few names are compounded with the name of Anu, 

 the god of the heavens. He is described as resiu, dhi Udni, 

 " the primaeval one, father of the gods," and there was a 

 temple to him, associated with Merodach, at Assur, as well as 

 other fanes both in Assyria and Babylonia. Among the 

 names we may quote Anu"'-sum-rish% " May Anu chrect the 

 name ;" AniC"-zera-iddina^ "Anu has given seed;" AniC^-dha- 

 iddina, "Anu has given a brother;" and SiUi-Anii"\ "My 

 protection (is) Anu." The name of this god is often found 

 in men's names during the time of Seleucus and Demetrius, 

 from which it may be gathered that his worship was at that 

 time in great favour. Anu, the god of the heavens had, as 

 his consort, Anatu, and these two are regarded as the Lahmu 

 and Lahamu of the Creation-story, who suckled, at the 

 beginning of the world, all the Igigi, or gods of the heavens 

 (see p. 4, text and footnote). 



The name of the Moongod is Sin, represented by the 



* Compare p. 7. 



