46 SUEGEON-GENERAL C. A. GOEDON, M.D., C.B., Q.H.P., ETC., 



the Western doctrine wbicli exalts the Master of Heaven 

 it is equally contraiy to the orthodoxy of the (Chinese) 

 sacred Books; it is only because its apostles are deeply 

 versed in mathematics that the State employs, but does not 

 acknowledge them. False doctrines which deceive the 

 crowd are not excused by the law, and punishments are 

 decreed against the charlatans who practise such dangerous 

 artifices — and more to similar effect. 



[The limits within which such a Paper as the present must 

 of necessity be restricted render it impossible to enlarge 

 upon the considerations presented in this paragraph. It is, 

 however, of so great interest, more especially in relation to 

 work being carried on in China by many devoted Christian 

 missionaries that, according to my individual opinion, it may 

 appropriately be taken up either before this Institute or by 

 some other kindred society.] 



8. "Explain the laws, so that the ignorant and the ob- 

 durate may be warned." Though the significance of the laws 

 is profound, their purpose is in conformity with the human 

 sentiment ; but in place of punishment after crime, better is 

 it to give warning in advance, for which reason, public pro- 

 clamation of the laws is ordered to be made from time to 

 time. 



y. " Show the excellence of rites (ceremonies) and of 

 decorum." Although the universality of man possesses by 

 nature the five cardinal virtues, yet among individuals so 

 many differences exist as between politeness and rudeness, 

 slowness and vivacity, in the manifestation of passions and 

 desii-es, coarseness and refinement, that wise men of old 

 established rites and formalities in the observance of which 

 all men should be equal. Then follow minute details in 

 respect to them — the ultimate object in view that, "the 

 pubhc maimers being tempered by charity and softened 

 by justice, may be rendered generous and pure." 



10. " Apply yourself to occupations such as are essential 

 to determine your position in life." Seeing that " the Su- 

 perior Heavens" give to man his being, and assign to each 

 individual a definite position, in which it rests with him to 

 establish himself; that in human nature there exists marked 

 difierences, as between wisdom and simplicity, strength and 

 weakness, there is no person who may not seek for a posi- 

 tion in which to secure himself. Whether as men of letters, 

 cultivators, artisans, tradesmen or soldiers — whatever be the 

 differences of your several conditions, you have all your 



