G4 SURGEON-GENERAL C. A. GORDON, M.D., C.B., Q.H.P., ETC., 



moral system five virtues, and between all these categories, moral 

 and material, they discover a scientific I'elationship. The five 

 virtues as a rule can, none of them, be translated by a single word. 

 The first (in the order in which they usually state them) we are in 

 the habit of Englishing by the word humanity; but it is a great 

 deal more ; it is philanthropy, benevolence, by which I mean 

 disinterestedness, and in many cases it may be translated by charity ; 

 I mean Christian charity, not mere almsgiving. The second is 

 that which may be translated by justice or principle, or very often 

 by puhlic spirit. The third, which we very commonly translate as 

 decoruvi ov propriety, is afar more comprehensive term, and should 

 be translated by obligations and observances : it includes all ritual- 

 istic ceremonies, and all the courtesies that pass between one 

 individual and another; but it may as correctly be described as 

 a religious character. The fourth is knowledge or experience : it 

 involves what Confucius was never tired of inculcating, viz. : 

 studiousness. The fifth is good faith : good faith in sincerity of 

 heart and good faith in practice. 



It is worth noting that the word sin (good faith) has the double 

 meaning which fides has in Latin — i.e., it is the good faith which 

 is one of our qualities, audit is belief, or tlie power of believing; 

 indeed, the Chinese have no more common word for the word 

 helief than that Avhich we translate also as good faith. 



I come next to the treatment of children by their parents. There 

 is a certain severity, it is true, insisted upon on the part of the 

 father ; but it should be borne in mind, that in one of the earliest 

 books put into a child's hand, he is taught that not to teach him is 

 the fault of the father, but that to teach him without severity is 

 simple laziness on the part of the teacher. 



On page forty-six, in referring to the heterodox religions for- 

 bidden, the Roman Catholic form of Christianity, the Western 

 doctrine, is mentioned as that " which exalts the Master of Heaven," 

 and in parenthesis, the word sky is mentioned. In that particular 

 combination, I should say sky had nothing to do with the question. 

 I see below it is translated " Superior Heavens." The word 

 Heaven when not used in a material sense is simply synonymous 

 with our word Providence. The Chinese have no popular divinity 



